地鐵作為「文化親密」的空間：以臺北市大眾捷運系統為例

本文視臺北捷運為「文化親密」的空間，是臺北居民在臺灣不穩的政治情勢與變動的全球經濟背景之下，（重新）塑造他們集體認同感的地方。「被外部視為缺陷的文化認同部份，卻反而確立內部者的共同社會性」，文化親密有助於了解認同形成多層面與易變的過程。在國家、政治的層面上，乘客的配合使台北捷運順利運作，而臺北居民根據他們共有的每日通勤經驗，正在塑造一股集體意識。這樣的集體經驗幫助他們重新思考與國家的關係。在全球、經濟的層面上，乘客配合的意願反映臺北居民自我認同轉向逐漸全球化的世界。捷運的完成與臺灣經濟重建，以及具備經濟競爭力的「全球都市」的出現同步發生。遵守捷運規則並維持其正面形象，反映臺北市民努力使臺北市具備經濟競爭力的期待。然而，臺灣經濟逐漸全球化，強化作為臺灣政經中心的臺北與台灣其他地區之間長期不平等的情形。每日臺北通勤族的守法行為對照外來遊客不斷發生的脫序行為，似乎更突顯全球化的臺北與去工業化地區的差異。

關鍵字

地下鐵；國家認同；全球城市；文化親密；台灣

並列摘要

This article sees Taipei’s newly inaugurated Mass Rapid Transit System as a space of cultural intimacy wherein Taipei City residents (re) shape their collective identity against Taiwan's recent political history as well as within the current global economic context. Temporally, the knowledge derived from the shared sentiment of cultural intimacy helped people in Taipei to construct a present self that is civilized and enlightened, separating from their politically repressive and unruly past. Spatially, as Taiwan is increasingly integrated into the global system and highly receptive to changes in the world economy, the Taipei residents' new self-identity also takes on new significance. The timing of the completion of the MRT coincided with Taiwan’s recent economic restructuring on the one hand and the emergence of global cities as the main site of global economic competition on the other. Behaving in an orderly way as well as keeping a positive image of the MRT, therefore, resonates with Taipei residents' efforts and desire to keep their city economically competitive. The contrast between the refined manners of Taipei’s daily commuters and the recurring misdemeanors of out-of-town visitors on the MRT seems only to confirm the growing discrepancy between a globalizing Taipei and Taiwan's deindustrialized hinterland that is gradually lagging behind. Yet, the anxiety seeping through some of the self-deprecating comments I heard during the course of my research clearly indicates the precarious nature of the current global economic system and the resulting challenges faced, and uncertainties felt, by the Taiwanese people including those in Taipei.