台灣鳳螺(Babylonia formosae formosae)胚胎發育之初步觀察

The Preliminary Observation Embryo Development of Babylonia formosae formosae

邱郁文(Yuh-Wen Chiu) ； 程紫芸(Tzu-Yun Cheng) ； 柏豪(Hor Bor) ； 陳一嗚(I-Ming Chen)

《貝類學報》 32期 (2008/12) Pp. 47-58

https://doi.org/10.29998/BM.200812.0005

摘要

本研究記錄台灣鳳螺之生殖行爲、特徵及胚胎發育，台灣鳳螺爲腹足綱峨螺科，分佈於台灣海峽泥沙底質的海域，為一種高經濟漁獲。台灣鳳螺於清晨產卵，卯塊附著在石頭、紅壁等硬物上，每次產下平均13個卵塊，卵塊約長5mm、寬2mm、高3.5mm，每個卵塊中平均有11顆卵。於26℃，卵塊產下後第3小時可以觀察到極體(polar body)產生，第7小時開始第一次卵裂，第9小時開始第二次卵裂，第77小時形成擔輪幼蟲(trochophore)，此時可觀察到胚胎旋轉，第六天成長爲初級面盤幼蟲(early veliger)，此時尚未長出胎殼。隨後胚胎持續發育成長，於第16天胚胎成長爲晚期面盤幼蟲(late veliger)，此時可以觀察到胎殼及大的面盤，面盤上有纖毛擺動。約於第18天開始有幼螺(larva)陸續孵出，開始為期1~2天的浮游期，以面盤上的纖毛擺動在水中浮游。之後幼螺發育至稚螺期(juvenile)，面盤脫落，著苗於底質上，以腹足爬行，並可開始攝食。另外，在討論中亦與同屬的波部鳳螺(B.formosae habei)、象牙鳳螺(B.areolata)及日本鳳螺(B.japonica)，比較生殖及胚胎發育特徵之異同，本觀察結果可應用在人工養殖之背景資料。

關鍵字

台灣鳳螺 ； 胚胎發育 ； 擔輪幼蟲 ； 面盤幼蟲

並列摘要

In this study, the reproductive behavior, characters and embryo development of Babylonia formosae was rudimental recorded. B. formosae, belongs to mollusca, Buccinidae. B. formosae, distributed in muddy or sandy substrate of Taiwan strait, is an important piscicapture in Taiwan. They always lay egg masses in the early morning, averaging 13 eggs capsules each time. Size of each capsules are approximately 5mm length, 2mm width, 3.5mm height and contain an average of 11 eggs. Egg masses were adhered to the substrate such as stone. Egg mass was cultured in 26℃. At the 3(superscript rd) hour after the eggs were laid, their polar body could be observed. The embryo began the first cleavage at the 7(superscript th) hour, and the second cleavage began at the 9th hour. And at the 77(superscript th) hour, embryos developed to trochophore and rotated. At the 6(superscript th) day, the early veliger was developed and didn't have protoconch. Later, the embryos kept growing. In the 16(superscript th) day, they came to late veliger. Protoconch and large velum can be observed in this period, and the velar cilia beating can be observed, too. Around the 18(superscript th) day, larva hatched in succession. They can swim as a plankton with velar cilia for 1~2 days. The larva developed to juvenile later, and velum disappeared. The embryo could be ingested and fallen down to the substrate, walked with gastropod. In discussion, the differential of reproduction and embryo development between B. formosae habei, B. areolata, B. japonica and B. formosae was compared. This study can be applied for the culturing.

並列關鍵字

Babylonia formosae ； embryo development ； trochophore ； veliger