落花生施用萌後除草劑西殺草對禾本科雜草的防除效果

Sethoxydim for the Postemergence Grass Control in Peanut

林義恭(Y. K. Lin) ； 沈勳(S. Sheen) ； 陳朝欽(C. C. Chen)

《中華民國雜草學會會刊》 20卷1期 (1999/06) Pp. 17-25

https://doi.org/10.6274/WSSROC-1999-020(1)-017

摘要

本試驗的目的在於評估萌後除草劑西殺草（sethoxydim）噴施後對落花生田禾本科雜草的防除效果。全部試驗分二個栽培季節（1994年秋作、1995年春作）及在三個地點（台南、台中、花蓮）舉行。落花生田禾本科雜草於3至6葉齡時，以12.5%西殺草乳劑，每公頃2及3公升（有效成分施用量為每公頃250及375公克），稀釋為600公升噴施，對落花生無藥害產生，其發芽及生育、產量均不受影響，對台灣旱田常見的牛筋草（Eleusine indica （L.） Gaertn.）、狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon Pers.）、稗草（Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv.）及芒稷（Echinochloa colonum （L.） Link）等禾本科雜草的防除效果良好，但對闊葉雜草及莎草科雜草則無效果。綜合台南、台中及花蓮等三處試驗結果，並顧及農民經濟成本，落花生田可採用12.5%西殺草乳劑每公頃施用量2公升，於落花生萌後早期施用。

關鍵字

落花生 ； 萌後除草劑 ； 西殺草 ； 禾本科雜草

並列摘要

This experiment was conducted in two cropping seasons (fall, 1994 and spring, 1995) at three locations (Tainan, Taichung and Hualien) to evaluate the weed control efficacy of the postemergence herbicide sethoxydim. Sethoxydim was applied at rate of 250 g and 375 g at ha (2 L and 3 L ha^-1 of 12.5% EC) and diluted to 600 L ha ^-1 with water, respectively to 3~6 leaf stage of grasses in peanut (Arachis hypogoea L.) Results showed that the herbicide provided excellent grass weed control in peanut without any injury to the crop. Grass weeds commonly found in peanut fileld such as goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon Pers.), Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv. var. formosensis Ohwi.), and jungle rice (Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link) were effectively controlled. Peanut yield was not affected by sethoxydim apptication and was significantly higher than the non-weeding plots. According to the results of this experiment and based on cost consideration, it is suggested that 12.5% sethoxydim Ec at 2.0 L ha^-1 (250 g ai ha^-1) and diluted to 600 L ha^-1 with water can be used for grass weed control in peanut.

並列關鍵字

Peanut ； postemergence grass control ； sethoxydim