農藥使用暴露風險及安全防護措施

Risk Assessment of Pesticide Exposure and Pesticide Protective Equipment

李仁厚(Jen-Ho Li) ； 李宏萍(Hon-Pin Li)

《中華民國雜草學會會刊》 31卷1期 (2010/06) Pp. 33-47

https://doi.org/10.6274/WSSROC-2010-031(1)-033

摘要

本計畫目的以綜合論述方式將田間農民施用之暴露量評估方法、安全及防護與國際調和，並將1994年至2003年台灣農民實際噴藥暴露量資料，整理農民噴藥器械及噴藥量之基本資料包括歷年326名農民噴藥進行16種作物，5種不同噴藥方式之試驗人次。急性暴露量評估(Percentages of the toxic dose per hour, PTDPH)值小於1%時表安全，慢性暴露量評估(Margin of Safety, MOS)值小於1時表不安全，建議農民基本之防護措施以保障噴藥農民之健康。

關鍵字

農藥 ； 暴露量 ； 風險評估 ； 農民 ； 噴藥方式

並列摘要

The goal of the project was to examine current issues in the field of pesticide exposure assessment with the aim of reaching an international harmonized approach to methods of exposure assessment and pesticide safe use and protection from pesticide application. Collected 1994-2003 local 326 generic pesticide exposure data of 9 years with 5 different sprayer equipment and 16 different crop pesticide application in Taiwan. On the basis of this assumption, modeling of worker exposure has been suggested as a basis for the estimation of surrogate or generic data that may be used in a first step for risk assessment. These results showed that Percentages of the toxic dose per hour (PTDPHs) of pesticides of less than 1% should be safe. PTDPHs including both dermal and inhalation exposure were used to evaluate the acute risk assessment of the 5 kinds of application equipment. Margin of Safety (MOS) values were evaluated for chronic risk assessment with 6 h of applied. MOS values lower than 1 should be a source of concern.

並列關鍵字

Pesticide ； exposure ； risk assessment ； farmer ； sprayer