休閒農牧及運動草地之雜草抗藥性

Herbicide-resistant Weeds in Leisure Farmland and Sports Ground

袁秋英(C. I. Yuan)

《中華民國雜草學會會刊》 31卷2期 (2010/12) Pp. 79-108

https://doi.org/10.6274/WSSROC-2010-031(2)-079

摘要

除草劑是作物控制雜草的主要工具，但全球各地對於雜草防治的效果，持續受到抗除草劑雜草生物種的演化及產生之影響。抗性草的發生不但降低雜草防治的效果、增加施藥費用，也破壞農地植物生態系之平衡。因此探討雜草之抗藥性，不僅可了解抗性草對藥劑的防禦機制，進而運用抗性基因發展為抗性作物；亦可應用分子標誌檢驗及監測抗性草的分布及可經由調整適當的田間管理系統，避免抗性草的發生及擴散。本文綜合論述抗藥性雜草之發生歷程、全球抗性草之現況、抗藥性機制、非耕作農地及草皮施用之除草劑類別，以及抗性草之管理策略及方法。

並列摘要

Herbicides are the principal tool for crop weed control yet their sustainability is affected by the evolution of herbicide resistant weed populations in many parts of the world. Not only reduced the incidence of control in resistant weeds, increased pesticide costs, also undermined the balance of agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, to study the resistance of weeds, can not only understand the resistant mechanism of herbicides, and then use the resistant gene to develop GM crops; application of molecular markers can also be testing and monitoring the distribution of herbicide-resistant weeds and can be adjusted properly to field management, to avoid the occurrence and spread of such weeds. This review article discusses the occurrence of resistant weeds, the global status of herbicide-resistant weeds, mechanisms of resistance, herbicides using in non-farm land and turfgrass lands, and resistant-weeds management strategy.