分析牛的羊膜表層“斑”和“毛”狀突出物之結構及其分泌的蛋白質之特性

Structure and Protein Synthesis of Bovine Amniotic Plaques and Hair-Like Projections

劉光輝(Kaung-Huei Liu) ； 林哲夫(Jer-Fu Lin) ； RW Williams

《中華民國獸醫學會雜誌》 21卷1期 (1995/02) Pp. 42-53

https://doi.org/10.7009/JTCSVS.199502.0042

摘要

本篇報告以掃瞄式電子顯微鏡配合光學顯微鏡，研究牛的羊膜表層上的“斑”及“毛” 狀突出物的組織結構。除此之外，我們將這些突出物培養在含^3H-leucine標誌的培養液，並利用雙向電泳膠配合X-光片技術，分析它們所分泌的蛋白質。“斑”或“毛”狀突出物之組織結構可分為五層：生發層（stratum germinativum）、棘狀層（stratum spinosum）、顆粒層（stratum granulosum）、透明層（stratum lucidum）和角質層（stratum corneum）。這些突出物是由於生發層和棘狀層內的細胞不斷地有絲分裂所造成。這底層增殖形成的新細胞被一級級地向羊膜表面推移，而形成大小不等的突出物。在此上推過程中，細胞一直在製造角蛋白。最後角蛋白取代了大部份的細胞質，造成細胞核消失。近表面的細胞變得無生命而容易脫落。“斑”與“毛”狀突出物所分泌的蛋白質，在X-光片上分佈的模式兩者頗類似，以中性至酸性蛋白質為主。由“斑”和“毛”狀突出物的組織結構與複層鱗狀上皮非常類似，推測這些突出物可能有保護羊膜的作用，降低胎兒對其碰撞、磨擦之影響。除此之外，它們至少可分泌8種以上的蛋白質。這些蛋白質可能在胎兒的正常發育及懷孕狀態的維持方面扮演著非常重要的角色。

關鍵字

牛 ； 羊膜 ； 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡

並列摘要

Bovine amniotic plaques and hair-like projections were studied by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. In addition, these projections were cultured in minimum essential medium in the presence of ^3H-Ieucine. Proteins released into medium were analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography. Five cellular layers were recognizable in plaques and hair-like projections including stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum. Formation of the various projections resulted from mitotic activity of cells in stratum germinativum and stratum spinosum. They gave rise to the cells that moved into the upper layers. As cells moved from the basal to the surface layer, the cells underwent a series of keratinization. In addition to the disappearance nucleus, cytoplasmic organelles were replaced by keratin. Cells in the outer layer were dead and constantly sloughed off the surface. Patterns of protein production by plaque and hair-like projection were very similar. They were the source of a number of neutral-to-acidic proteins. Structure of plaques and hair-like projections were very similar to stratified squamous epithelium. These projections may function in protecting amnion from the destructive influence of fetus. Besides, they were able to produce at least eight proteins. These proteins may play important roles in development of fetus and maintenance of pregnancy.

並列關鍵字

Cattle ； Amnion ； Scanning electron microscopy