長臂猿之預防醫學檢查和醫學參考值

Preventive Medical Examinations and Medical Reference Values of the Gibbon

吳永惠(Yeong-Huey Wu)

《中華民國獸醫學會雜誌》 23卷4期 (1997/08) Pp. 350-367

https://doi.org/10.7009/JTCSVS.199708.0350

摘要

為檢出臺灣地區圈養長臂猿之潛在性疾病和建立各種醫學檢查之參考值，自1992年11月至1997年2月，對67隻外觀正常之長臂猿進行各種醫學檢查。結果哺乳類舊型結核菌素（mammalian old tuberculin, human isolates；MOT）試驗、B型肝炎表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigen; HBsAg）檢驗及腸道寄生蟲感染之陽性率分別為13.4％（9/67）、14.5％（9/62）及10.0％（6/60）；9隻HBsAg檢驗陽性者以及7隻天門冬酸鹽轉氨酶（AST）或氨基丙酸轉氨酶（ALT）顯著高值或低值者，其血清B型肝炎e抗原（hepatitis B e antigen；HBeAg）檢驗均呈陰性；血液學和血清化學檢查有6隻“顯然異常”個體（4隻貧血、2 隻高燐和低鈣血症）首先被篩除，其致病原因為食餌性；然後32隻“顯然健康”個體（MOT試驗、HBsAg檢驗和寄生蟲檢查均為陰性，且血液學和血清化學並無“顯然異常”之測定值）被用來建立醫學參考值，結果父、母間之體溫、呼吸數、心跳數、血液學和血清化學等各項參考值，除紅血球總數外均無顯著之差異；但不同體重群間（3.0kg以下群和6.0kg以上群比較），體溫、心跳數、血紅素濃度、血容比和平均紅血球容積則呈現顯著差異（P＜0.05）；在排除體重因素之影響後，MOT試驗、HBsAg檢驗和腸道寄生蟲感染之陽性群與陰性群間之各項測定值均無顯著差異；但以所建立之參考值個別地比對MOT試驗、HBsAg檢驗或寄生蟲檢查之每一陽性個體之各項測定值，則MOT試驗陽性者有2隻呈現白血球增多症和嗜中性增多症（1隻尚有單核球增多症和淋巴球增多症）、另2隻呈現正球性正色性貧血；此外，在ketamine麻醉保定後，呼吸數和心跳數會顯著增加（P＜0.05）。

關鍵字

長臂猿 ； 預防醫學檢查 ； 醫學參考值

並列摘要

In order to detect the subclinical diseases and establish the medical reference values of captive gibbons in Taiwan, various medical examinations were performed in 67 clinically normal gibbons from November, 1992 to February, 1997. The positive rates of mammalian old tuberculin (MOT) test, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) assay and intestinal parasite infections were 13.49/o (9/67), 14.5% (9/62) and 10.0% (6/60), respectively. All hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) assays were negative in the 9 HBsAg assay positive gibbons and in 7 gibbons showed remarkably higher or lower AST or ALT activity. From hematological and blood chemical examinations, six ”apparently abnormal” gibbons, including 4 gibbons with anemia and 2 gibbons with hypocalcemia/hyperphosphatemia were screened out first, and were diagnosed as dietary causes. Then, 32 ”apparently healthy” gibbons (negative for MOT test, HBsAg assay and intestinal parasite infection, and no ”apparently abnormal” hematological and serum chemical values) were used to establish the medical reference values. The results revealed no significant differences of body temperature, respiratoy rate, heart rate, hematological and serum chemical values, except the red blood cell count were seen between male and female groups. However, the body, temperature, heart rate, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and mean corpuscular volume were shown significant differences (P ＜0.05) between different body weight groups (under 3.0kg group vs over 6.0 kg group). After excluding the effects of body weight, no significant differences of all examinations were seen among MOT, HBsAg and parasite positive and negative groups. However, when individually compare each measurement obtained from MOT, HBsAg or parasite positive gibbons with the established normal reference values, 2 gibbons with leukocytosis and neutrophilia (one also had monocytosis and lymphocytosis), and 2 gibbons with normocytic normochromic anemia were seen in MOT positive gibbons. Besides, significant increases (P＜0.05) of respiratory rate and heart rate were also seen in restricted gibbons with ketamine anesthesia.

並列關鍵字

Gibbons ； Preventive medical examination ； Medical reference values