溫度對犬心絲蟲於埃及斑蚊體內發育之影響

將人工感染犬心絲蟲微絲蟲之埃及斑蚊飼養於不同溫度條件下觀察犬心絲蟲之發育情形。在10、15、20°C 時大多數微絲蟲(mff) 均停止發育或僅部分發育，而且25℃以上微絲蟲都能發育成第三期感染仔蟲(L_3)。溫度較高之環境下微絲蟲的成長發育期較短，27°C時微絲蟲發育到L_3需要12天，30°C 時需要10 天，33°C 時則只需8 天。微絲蟲從中腸穿過圍食膜進入馬氏管的能力亦受溫度影響，隨著溫度的升高在馬氏管內微絲蟲數目會增加。感染後馬氏管內微絲蟲量在二天後最多。由本研究之結果可知當環境溫度依於20°C時，微絲蟲的發育遲緩而且穿透中腸圍食膜的能力亦降低；而在高於27°C 之環境下微絲蟲於蚊體內之發育較快速，可能使犬心絲蟲傳播之機會增加。

關鍵字

犬心絲蟲；埃及斑蚊；溫度

並列摘要

Aedes aegypti were infected with Dirofilaria immitis through in vitro feeding with canine blood containing microfilariae. The infected mosquitoes were then maintained at different environmental tempera tures. The development and distribution of D. immitis larvae in the mosquitoes were then examined. When the infected mosquitoes were held at 10°, 15° and 20°C, the microfilariae did not develop to the third stage infective larvae (L3). Development of the microfilariae into the infective larvae was observed only in mosquitoes that were stored at 25°, 27°, 30° and 33°C. It was also noted that filarial worms developed faster in higher temperatures than those held in lower. Movement of the ingested microfilariae from the midgut to the Malpighian tubules in the mosquito was ascertained to be due to environmental temperature. The majority of the microfilariae that were observed became lodged in t he Malpighian tubules within 48 hours. Our study showed that the movement and development of D. immitis microfilariae in mosquitoes were greatly retarded when stored at 20°C or lower. However, at a higher environ mental temperature, the development of D. immitis within the mosquitoes was enhanced, which in turn increased the opportunity for disease transmission.

並列關鍵字

Dirofilaria immitis ； Aedes aegypti ； Temperature

國際替代計量

溫度對犬心絲蟲於埃及斑蚊體內發育之影響

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