臺灣本土型雞傳染性支氣管炎減毒疫苗保護效力之初步評估

The Preliminary Evaluation of the Protection Efficacy of an Attenuated Taiwanese Infectious Bronchitis Virus

張國慧(Kuo-Hui Chang) ； 蔡向榮(Hsiang-Jung Tsai)

《中華民國獸醫學會雜誌》 27卷1期 (2001/03) Pp. 59-68

https://doi.org/10.7009/JTCSVS.200103.0059

摘要

為評估新開發未商品化之本土型雞傳染性支氣管炎(IB) IB#2減毒疫苗的保護效力，將240隻1日齡SPF雞分別以麻州型H120疫苗與屬於臺灣Ⅱ型基因型之IB#2疫苗免疫3週後，再以3株屬於臺灣Ⅰ型基因型IB病毒(IBV)野外分離株97-3-6、97-3-12、97-4-2攻擊之，以試驗雞隻之死亡率、體重、氣管組織病變、腎臟組織病變與抗體力價測定為評估指標，並以氣管和腎臟組織病變程度為依據來計算其保護指數，將保護效力予以數量化。結果H120疫苗與IB#2疫苗對97-3-6、97-3-12、97-4-2三株臺灣IBV分離株的保護指數分別為46.6%、45.3%、34.2%與62.1%、76.0%、39.5%，此結果顯示本土型IB#2疫苗對台灣Ⅰ型IBV攻毒之交叉保護能力較麻州型H120疫苗為佳，但免護力仍有不足，可能需繼續開發以台灣Ⅰ型毒株減毒之活毒疫苗與Ⅰ+Ⅱ型之雙價活毒疫苗。

關鍵字

雞傳染性支氣管炎病毒 ； 麻州型雞傳染性支氣管炎疫苗 ； 臺灣本土型雞傳染性支氣管炎疫苗 ； 疫苗保護效力

並列摘要

We evaluated the protection efficacy of an infectious bronchitis (IB) vinus attenuated from a Taiwanes strain. We obtained 240, 1-day-old SPF chickens and vaccinated them either with a Massachusetts-type H120 vaccine or a Taiwan group Ⅱ (TW Ⅱ) genotype IB#2 attenuated vaccine. The protection efficacy of the two vaccines was assessed in a challenge study using three IB virus (IBV) field isolates of the Taiwan group Ⅰ (TW Ⅰ) genotype. The H120 vaccine protection indexes (PI) against the three field isolates were 46.6%, 45.3% and 34.2%. For the IB #2 vaccine the PI were 62.1%, 76.0% and 39.5%. Although the IB#2 vaccine provided better protection against TW Ⅰ genotype IBV challenge than the H120 vaccine, the level of protection was still too low. A TW Ⅰ attenuated IB vaccine and/or a TW Ⅰ/TW Ⅱ bivalent IB vaccine might provide better protection.

並列關鍵字

Infectious bronchitis virus ； Massachusetts-type of IB vaccine ； Taiwanese strain of IB vaccine ； Vaccine efficacy