高空天氣圖客觀分析之研究

On The Objective Analysis for Upper Level Maps

胡仲英(Chung-Ying Hu)

《大氣科學》 4卷1期 (1977/05) Pp. 1-10

摘要

本文討論高空定壓面天氣圖客觀分析法，作者係改進Cressman（1959）的距離權重修正法，用距離權重內插當作初始估計場，溫度的修正量也測站內插值與觀測溫度差值代入距離權重公式求得，高度場的修正量則由觀測風場與高度場的地轉平衡假設求出。資料係由臺北－東京點間通信電路直接輸入電子計算機，並由即時處理系統解譯電碼，為提高輸入資料的正確性，作者並設計嚴密的檢定程式，俾使驗入資料具有垂直一致性。本文討論之高空天氣圖客觀分析法係由電子計算機一貫作業，業經中央氣象局採用，並納入電子計算機例行作業。

並列摘要

The method of objective analysis for upper level weather maps currently used at the Central Weather Bureau is described. It is essentially the so-called ”correction method”. The aim is to apply correction to a first guess field and based on the method of Cressman (1959). The distance-weighting interpolated field is used as the first guess field and corrections are computed from a comparison of the observation data with the interpolated value of the guess field at those stations. For the height-field analysis the reported wind is taken into account in order to fullfill the internal consistency between the height and the winds.The input data are directly received via Taipei-Tokyo point-to-point communication line and are decoded by the Real Time Operation System (RTOS). To improve the reliability of the data, we design a complete checking program in which all soundings are checked for vertical consistency with erroneous parts of the reports being deleted, and missing parts are supplied by hydrostatic assumption.