臺灣天氣之自然季節與冬季反常天氣之研究

Natural Seasons as Shown by the Variation of the Circulation in Asia

王時鼎(Shih-Ting Wang) ； 鄭俠(Hsia Cheng)

《大氣科學》 9卷1期 (1982/05) Pp. 125-146

摘要

本文主要為研究高空環流變化之自然季節。計對流層中係取700mb，500mb及300mb層資料，平流層即用100mb層資料，均為一年73候之長時期各等壓面高度平均值，及候日平均變化值。其內容包括：（1）由北半球500mb層上50°N及30°N緯線上全年73候高度場及其變化以分析亞洲區域環流季節變化之自然季節。（2）自700mb，500mb，300mb及100mb層上90°E，120°E是180°E經線73候高度時間剖面圖以分析亞洲區域環流季節變化及其經向之差異。（3）山120°E經線上平流層100－300mb間及對流層300－700mb間之全年73候厚度值所示之季節變化。（4）由120°E經線上各地高空風及溫度逐月變化所示亞洲區域環流之自然季節。（5）全年73候500mb層50°N緯線上超長波資料分析及其所顯示之自然季節變化。藉以上各項資料之研判分析，得出亞洲區域之自然季節分佈及其特徵如表1-1。其中特以由超長波波數以1至3之逐候分佈及其變化以作自然季節划分，甚俱實際應用價值。

並列摘要

The subtopics of the study include: (1) annual variation pentad, of the mean geopotential height at 500mb level along 50°N and 30°N latitudes respectively, (2) annual variation, in pentad, of the mean geopotential heights of 700mb, 500 mb, 300mb and 100mb levels along 90°E, 120°E, 180°E longitudes respectively, (3) annual variation, in pentad, of the thickness of troposphere and stratosphere along 120°E longitude, (4) monthly variations of the vertical wind and temperature for selected stations along 120°E longitude, and (5) annual variation, in pentad, of the ultra-long waves of 50°N at 500mb level. From this study, the natural season for the variation of the circulation in Asia is given and discussed.