民國73年6月3日台灣北部地區豪雨之個案研究

A Case Study of Heavy Rainfall in Northern Taiwan on June 3, 1984

丘台光(T. K. Chiou) ； 劉復誠(F. C. Liu)

《大氣科學》 12卷1期 (1985/03) Pp. 93-102

摘要

本文對1984年6月3日發生在台灣北部豪雨的天氣系統，利用氣象衛星雲圖、雷達降水回波圖、自記記錄及探空資料、配合地面與高空資料，以中尺度分析方法加以探討，並特別著重分析引起台北地區豪雨中尺度現象，尋求造成此次豪雨發生的雲系特徵、降水特性、環流形態以及豪雨持續發展之原因。研究結果顯示低層噴射氣流、暖平流、短槽以及配合中層強烈冷乾空氣注入，再加上高層強烈分流（diffluent flow），為引起此次豪雨系統產生的有利氣象條件，而豪雨的產生與持續則與鋒面及弧狀雲線之間交互作用有密切關係。根據資料分析顯示台北剛開始降水是由其西邊的弧狀雲線與其北邊雷雨胞降水所產生外流之交互作用發展而引起，緊接著北邊鋒面或鋒面降水所產生的外流南下使原來在台北上空之降水增大，因而造成台北地區持續降水而引發豪雨。

並列摘要

Using meteorological satellite images, radar pictures, automatic recording data and sounding data, we studied the cloud characteristics, precipitation distribution, circulation pattern, and the causes of a continuous development of a tremendous rainfall case on June 3, 1984.The results indicated that low level jet stream, warm advection, short trough, dry cold air instrusion at the middle layer and strong diffluent flow at high level are favorable meteorological conditions for the generation of heavy rainfall. The occurrence of heavy rainfall and continuous development were related to the interaction of the front and arc cloud line. Precipitation began in Taipei after the interaction between outflow of a thunderstorm north to Taipei and an arc cloud line moved into Taipei area from west. This event was enhanced by the slowly southward movement front or outflow of precipitation associated with the front at northern Taipei. Therefore, the heavy rainfall took place.