近地面直達太陽輻射通量受大氣懸浮微粒衰減分析

The Analysis of Aerosol Attenuation on Surface Direct Solar Flux

柳中明(Chung-Ming Liu) ； 馮欽賜(C. S. Fong)

《大氣科學》 17卷2期 (1989/06) Pp. 169-186

摘要

本文依據太陽輻射理論，先估計晴天時無懸浮微粒影響下，近地面所應測得之直達太陽輻射通量，再與實測之直達太陽輻射通量相比較，明顯地台北、宜蘭與恆春之測站上空必有大量懸浮微粒存在，經吸收與米氏散射顯著衰減太陽輻射抵達地面之通量。相似之衰減情形，亦出現在全天空太陽輻射通量之分析中。在台北地區，全天空太陽輻射通量之衰減經常達20%。本文參考Unsworth and Monteith（1972）所定義之大氣混濁度，經直達太陽輻射通量之分析，計算出台北、宜蘭與恆春之大氣混濁度。發現混濁度月平均特性與晴天之月平均地面能見度，二者具明顯負相關。顯示懸浮微粒主要來自地面活動。也即愈城市化之地區，大氣混濁度愈高。台北月平均約在0.25～0.8之間，宜蘭為0.15～0.6，恆春為0.1～0.3。此些結果與英國，東加拿大等地之分析相似。

關鍵字

太陽輻射 ； 懸浮微粒 ； 大氣混濁度

並列摘要

Based on the solar radiative transfer equation, the surface direct solar flux in a clear day with no aerosol, is estimated theoretically. The comparison of the estimated flux with the measured flux clearly shows that there are a great deal amount of aerosol present in the atmosphere over Taipei, Ilen and Hengchi, These aerosols tend to attenuate the direct solar flux through absorption and scattering processes. Similar Finding appears in the global solar flux data.The turbidity defined by Unsworth and Monteith (1972) is calculated in this paper. The monthly-mean turbidity has a negative correlation with the monthly-mean turbidity in Taipei, Ilen and Hengchu is between 0.25~0.8, 0.15~0.6, and 0.1~0.3, respectively. These results are in good correlation with the analysis done in England and east Canada.

並列關鍵字

Atmospheric Radiation ； Aerosol ； Turbidity