亞洲沙塵暴對空氣品質影響與測報

The Impact of Asian Dust Storm and Its Forecast

張順欽(Shuenn-Chin Chang)

《環境保護》 25卷2期 (2002/12) Pp. 134-152

https://doi.org/10.30017/EP.200212.0003

摘要

發生在大陸西北的沙塵暴已經證實會影響台灣地區的空氣品質，在適當氣象條件下，沙塵暴揚起之沙塵，會經過長程傳輸來到台灣，造成台灣北部空氣中PM10濃度急速上升，當沙塵規模大時，甚至影響台灣中、南部地區。近三年來台灣受大陸沙塵影響天數明顯增多，尤以2000年達20天最多，2001年有10天次之。受沙塵影響之月份，以3、4月最為頻繁。空氣品質受大陸沙塵影響時，PM10濃度急速上升，但因大陸沙塵隨著大陸冷高壓南下風速大，本地污染排放無累積現象，CO、與NO(下標 x)濃度反而較低。為深入探討沙塵對台灣地區之影響，環保署自2002年起進行『大陸沙塵密集觀測計』，結合氣象、公衛、環工及地方環保局人力與監測設備，展開密集觀測實驗。

關鍵字

黃沙 ； 長程傳輸

並列摘要

The occurrence of dust storms in Western China has been reported that, under the right weather conditions, uplifted yellow sand is carried and spread by the cold continental high to affect air quality of Taiwan. During the influence of yellow sand, the enhancement of PM10 concentration in the northern Taiwan was significant. Sometimes, the enhancement of PM10 concentration could spread to central and southern Taiwan when the intensity of yellow sand was large enough. Frequency of air quality of Taiwan affected by the yellow sand has been increasing in the past three years. The highest frequency occurrences in 2000 with 20 days influence by yellow sand, and the second frequency occurrences in 2001 with 10 days influence by yellow sand. Most of yellow sand events occur in springtime especially in March and April. When air quality was affecting by the yellow sand, PM10 concentration was increasing dramatically in few hours. However, the cold continental high that carried YS brought a higher wind velocity and resulted in lower levels of local gas pollutants such as CO and NO(subscript x). In order to investigate the impact of yellow sand, the EPA work with academia to have a project on intensive monitoring of China's dust storms includes intensively monitor the dust with high resolution in terms of its time and space, and dust storm's forecast, and the dust's effect on human health and epidemiology.

並列關鍵字

yellow sand ； long-range transport