水生植物在人工浮島生長狀況與水質淨化之分析

Surveying the Growth of Aquatic Macrophyte and Water Purification on Artificial Floating Island

石栢岡(Po-Kang Shih) ； 張文亮(Wen-Lian Chang)

《環境保護》 29卷2期 (2006/12) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.30017/EP.200612.0001

摘要

國內近年來積極推動水質淨化生態工法之研究與應用，各種工法之設置案例與㈰增多，以人工浮島做為水質淨化工法則較缺乏本土性之研究及應用案例。人工浮島除了在生物棲地、環境景觀、消坡護岸、水生養殖等方面具有一定程度的助益外，對於水質之淨化亦具有相當不錯的成效。在台灣大學安康農場設置38個PVC製人工浮島與32個竹製人工浮島，研究20種栽植於浮島上水生植物生長狀態，自2005年8月至12月進行平均每週一次共四個月的觀察。其中生長狀況較顯著者有燈心草，比生長速率分別為0.034/day；培地茅為0.022/day；開卡蘆為0.030/day；莞為0.024/day；香蒲為0.033/day；單葉鹹草為0.034/day；甜荸薺為0.025/day；過長沙為0.024/day。
在水質方面，水生植物會吸收水中營養鹽，其中香蒲單一栽種對氮與磷的吸收率為17.5%與13.1%；燈心草單一栽種吸收率為25.7%與22.6%；而過長沙單一栽種吸收僅有5.1%與7.6%。在混合栽種方面，香蒲與過長沙混種對氮與磷的吸收率為21.0%與17.2%；燈心草與過長沙混種吸收率為26.0%與23.4%。

關鍵字

生態工程 ； 人工浮島 ； 水生植物 ； 水質淨化

並列摘要

During recent years, the government has been actively promoting the development and application of ecological engineering in the process of water purification. Although various methods have been implemented, the use of artificial floating islands are still in lack of domestic studies and applications. Artificial floating islands not only contributed greatly to biological habitat, landscape environment, bank protection, and aquatic cultivation, they also enhanced water purifications. 32 floating islands made from bamboo and 38 made from polyethylene were constructed in the pond of An-Kang Farm, NTU. The growth of 20 aquatic macrophyres were observed weekly from August to November, 2005. Juncus effusu, Vetiveria zizanioides, Phragmites karka, Schoenoplectus validus, Typha orientalis, Cyperus malaccensis, Eleocharis dulcis, and Bacopa monnieri had significant growths with specific growth rate of 0.034/day, 0.022/day, 0.030/day, 0.024/day, 0.033/day, 0.034/day, 0.025/day, and 0.024/day, respectively.
In water purification, aquatic plants absorb nutrition from water. In single planting, the nitrogen absorption of Typha orientalis, Juncus effuse, and Bacopa monnieri was 17.5%, 25.7%, 5.1%, and the phosphorous absorption was 13.1%, 22.6%, and 7.6%. In mixing planting, the nitrogen and phosphorous absorption of Typha orientalis and Bacopa monnieri in mixing was 21.0% and 17.2%; Juncus effuse and Bacopa monnieri in mixing was 26.0% and 23.4%, respectively.

並列關鍵字

ecological engineering ； artificial floating island ； water macrophyte ； water purification