耐燃處理合板之耐燃性改善效應

Effects of Fire Retardant Treatments on the Properties of Plywood

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin) ； 王秀華(Hsiu-Hwa Wang)

《林產工業》 17卷1期 (1998/03) Pp. 89-101

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.1998.17(1).6

摘要

紅柳桉和放射松單板經Type C木材防火劑及兩種自行開發之阻燃劑處理後再以尿素膠（UF）施以161.5~204.5g/m^2 (15~19g/ft^2 )之單面布膠，製造五層（9mm厚）耐燃合板。依CNS 6532“建築物室內裝修材料耐燃性檢驗法”之耐燃3級基準進行表面燃燒試驗，探討各處理合板之耐燃性改善效應及通過試驗標準之藥劑推估吸收量並測定處理合板之各項性質。未處理合板均未能通過試驗合格標準，處理合板著火性之改善效應最佳，重量損失之改善最小，其範圖分別為：IEtc: 88.4~323.2%: IEtdθ: 49.4~84.7%;IEC_A:74.6~91.8%;IEAf: 46.4~97.2%;IEWLP: 42.0~66.0%。三種阻燃劑中FR-C之改善效應最佳，FR-W最差。阻燃劑濃度愈高，吸收量愈多，除發煙係數（CA）外各項耐燃性質改善愈大。161.5g/m^2及183.0g/m^2之布膠量有較佳之耐燃性質。欲通過耐燃3級之標準，三種阻燃劑之推估最少吸收量分別為78 kg/m^3 (FR-C); 94 kg/m^3 (FR-L); 124 kg/m^3 (FR-W) 。耐燃合板之吸濕量與阻燃劑吸收量呈正相關，FR-C處理者吸濕量最大: FR-L者最小。除FR-C處理而布膠161.5g/m^3者外，處理合板均無剝離現象（Type Ⅱ），其含水率與阻燃劑吸收量呈正相關，然三種阻燃劑僅FR-L通過試驗標準。綜合耐燃性改善效應及性質檢定，以自行開發之FR-L阻燃劑應用於尿素膠耐燃合板性質最為優越。

關鍵字

五層合板 ； 阻燃劑 ； 吸收量 ； 尿素膠 ； 布膠量 ； 合板性質檢定 ； 耐燃性改善效應

並列摘要

Red lauan and radiata pine veneers were treated with three fire retardants before being processed into 9mm thick five-ply plywoods.161.5-204.5 g/m^2 of urea-formaldehyde (UF) were applied to achieve the manufacturing. The improving efficiency of the fire retardancy as well as optimum chemicals retention for all treated specimens were evaluated and estimated through surface burning performance. The standard used in this study was CNS-6532 ＂Method of test for incombustibility of internal finish material of building＂. Properties of the treated plywood were also examined.All the control plywood failed in the burning examination. The treated group showed significant improvement in fire performance. FR-C provided the plywood with the highest improving efficiency while FR-W the least. The calculated data were as follows: IEtc: 88.4~323.2%; IEtd θ: 49.4~84.7%; IECA: 74.6~91.8%; IEAf: 46.4~97.2%; IEWLP: 42.0~66.0%. The higher the concentration of the fire retardants, the better the improving efficiency of the burning performance except for smoking efficiency (CA). The optimum spreading amount of resin was 161.5g/m^2 or 183.0g/m^2. The estimated retentions of three fire retardants to meet the 3rd grade national standard were 78, 94 and 124 kg/m^3 for FR-C, FR-L, and FR-W respectively. The hygroscopicity of the treated plywood correlated positively with the retained chemicals and reversely with the adhesive amount. FR-C treated showed the highest hygroscopicity, while FR-L the least. Soak delamination was not found after standard soaking except for those treated with FR-C and 161.5 g/m^2 resin spreading. The moisture content of the treated plywoods increased with increasing chemical retention. Only the FR-L treated met the requirement of moisture content level. In general, the laboratory developed fire retardant, FR- L, displayed the highest fire retardancy improvement and best examined qualities.

並列關鍵字

5-ply plywood ； Fire retardant ； Retention ； UF resin ； Spreading amount ； Plywood property determination ； Improving efficiency of fire performance