不同藥劑處理對台灣杉木材熟重分析之影響

Thermogravimetric Analysis on Fire-Retardants Treated ＂Taiwania cryptomerioides＂

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin) ； 王秀華(Hsiu-Hwa Wang)

《林產工業》 18卷3期 (1999/09) Pp. 257-267

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.1999.18(3).6

摘要

本研究以省產造林木－台灣杉、杉木及柳杉未處理材，藉SDT 2960 Simultaneous熱重量及示差熱分析儀（TGA-DTA）比較其熱降解反應特性。次以九種單－型無機鹽阻燃劑浸潰處理台灣杉試材，探討各藥劑處理材與未處理材之熱降解反應特性之差異。木材熱降解以連續性分解反應進行主要熱分解溫度階段為290-350℃及375-500℃。前者大部分係半纖維素及纖維素之熱分解，少部分屬木質素之分解；後者主要為木質素之熱分解。試材在空氣中之熱分解反應比氮氣中者激烈。與未處理材相較，各藥劑處理材之熱降解特性顯示生成較多殘炭，TG曲線之起始熱降解溫度較低，DTG曲線峰溫度及高度降低，DTA曲線之峰強度與高度亦下降。上述諸因子，可供評估不同藥劑對試材熱降解反應之影響。本研究亦證實高效能之阻燃劑可促進熱降解反應並具有增炭作用。九種藥劑於熱降解過程中，生成物之種額及數量，對試材發揮抑制焰燃及灼燒之效應，均扮演不同角色。TGA分析法準確度高，極適合用於實驗室探討藥劑處理材之熱降解反應特性。

關鍵字

熱重量分析 ； 示差熱分析 ； 台灣杉 ； 單一阻燃劑

並列摘要

The thermal degradation performance of three plantation species-Taiwania, China fir, and Japanese cedar were examined' with SDT 2960 Simultaneous Thermogravimetric Analyzer and Differential Thermal Analyzer. Taiwania specimens were then soaked in nine inorganic fire retardants to compare the difference of thermal degradation characteristics from the untreated control. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the wood degraded continuously and displayed two major breakdown temperature ranges at 290-350℃ and 370-500℃. The main components in the first stage resulted from the thermal degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose while lignin decomposed predominantly in the 2^(nd) stage. Degradation of the specimens in the air was much more vigorously than in the nit rogen environments. Fire retardants treated Taiwania showed higher residual carbon, lower initial thermal degradation temperature in the TG graph, lower peak temperature in DTG curve as well as weaker peak and lower height of the DTA curve than those derived from the untreated control. This study confirmed the effect of highly efficient fire retardants on the promotion of thermal degradation and carbon production from the treated wood. Each of the species produced during thermal degradation of the treated Taiwania provided different effects on flame inhibition and glare burning. Therfmogravimetric analysis was proved to be accurate and adequate for the laboratory investigation on thermal degradation performance of chemical treated wood.

並列關鍵字

Thermogravimetric analysis ； Differential thermal analysis ； Taiwania ； Simple fire retardant