混合型耐燃劑之抑焰性與耐燃性效應

Flame Inhibition and Incombustibility of In Situ Mixed Fire Retardants

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin) ； 王秀華(Hsiu-Hwa Wang)

《林產工業》 18卷4期 (1999/12) Pp. 427-442

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.1999.18(4).10

摘要

本研究以台灣杉、杉木、柳杉造林木為材料，先分別以自行調製之八種混合型藥劑及CNSType C（對照組），於重量百分濃度10%、15%、20%下浸漬試材，藉CNS 13590氧氣指數試驗評估各處理材之氧氣指數及抑焰性效應，以篩選抑焰性佳藥劑三種與對照組進行三種試材之加壓注入。處理材再以CNS 6532之耐燃3級為基準進行表面燃燒試驗，探討耐燃性改善效應，並推估通過試驗標準之最少藥劑使用量。三種未處理材之氧氣指數20.2－20.8，而處理材則可提高至34－68之間。處理材之氧氣指數與藥劑吸收量呈直線迴歸之極顯著正相關。三樹種處理材之抑焰性效應，以柳杉最佳，杉木次之，台灣杉更次之。八種藥劑對試材之抑焰性改善以D、A、F三者最佳。就表面燃燒性而言，未處理材皆未通過合格標準。藥劑處理材之耐燃性則大幅改善。處理材之餘焰時間與耐燃劑吸收量呈直線迴歸極顯著負相關；樹種之耐燃性效應改善，以杉木最佳，台灣杉次之，柳杉最差。通過耐燃3級之各藥劑最少吸收量以D劑75.6kg／m^3最低，遠低於中國國家標準之C劑，而F劑最高為108.8 kg／m^3。綜合考量成本及耐燃性改善效應時，以D劑最佳，F者最差。

關鍵字

耐燃劑 ； 台灣杉 ； 杉木 ； 柳杉 ； 氧氣指數 ； 抑焰性 ； 表面燃燒性 ； 耐燃性

並列摘要

Taiwania, China fir and Japanese cedar solid wood boards were soaked in seven in situ prepared fire retardants at 10, 15 and 20% concentrations. CNS 13590 was applied to evaluate the oxygen indexes and flame inh ibition of the treated specimens, while CNS Type C fire retardant was used as a control. Three chemicals showing the better flame inhibitions were impregnated, along with the control, into the untreated specimens. Surface combustion tests were exerted using the third grade fire retardancy standard regulated in CNS 6532 as a standard to examine the improving efficiency of the four selected retardants. The least chemical retentions required to meet the third grade standard were thus calculated. The oxygen indexes of the treated specimens increased from 20.2-20.8 of the untreated ones to 34-68. The indexes showed a strong significant positive linear relation with the chemical retentions. Of the three species, Japanese cedar gave the best flame inhibition, and China fir the lowest. Among the eight chemicals, D,A and F showed better flame inhibition than the others. As to surface flammability, all the untreated failed the in test, while the treated specimens displayed significant improvement in combjlstibility. A strong significant negative linear relation can be observed between the afterflame of the treated specimens and their chemical retentions. China fir showed the best improving efficiency in fire retardancy while Japanese cedar the leas t. The es timated least chemical retentions that meet the requirement of the third grade fire retardancy for chemical D was 75.6kg/ m^3, the least, and 108.8 kg/ m^3 the highest for F. While that for the control is 101.7 kg/ m^3.

並列關鍵字

Fire retardant ； Taiwania ； China fir ； Japanese cedar ； Oxygen index ； Flame Inhibition ； Surface flammability ； Incombustibility