甲種木質防火門製造及耐火性能探討

The Manufacturing of One Hour Rating Wooden Fire Doors and its Fire-retardancy

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin) ； 王秀華(Hsiu-Hwa Wang) ； 廖英志(Ing-Jyh Liaw) ； 顏妙芬(Miao-Fen Yen) ； 陳弘彬(Hong-Bin Chen)

《林產工業》 19卷3期 (2000/09) Pp. 343-362

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.2000.19(3).7

摘要

本研究積層組合數種常用之無機質材料與木質材料，嘗試各種工法設計以研製甲種（防火時效1小時）木質防火門。觀察分析一小時加熱過程中試體之燃燒變化，量測與記錄，並逐步改善缺點，以提供爾後進行大尺寸實體門製造之參考。本研究54種小尺寸木質防火門工法中，就耐火性能而言，理想配置材料為：心層使用無機纖維棉類；層間材以氧化鎂板為之，副層間材採用玻纖板並以經耐燃劑B處理之台灣杉為角材，且藥劑吸收量達97kg/m^3以上，則保留約66~75%未炭化，並可通過衝擊試驗。54種工法中，試體背溫均低於260°C，惟大多數試體未能通過試驗標準，主要原因在於角材嚴重炭化使鉸鍊無支持力、無強度。其他如層間材及副層間材材料種類及配置均影響耐火性能之重要考慮因素。就目前通過標準之試驗工法，爾後擬繼續進行大尺寸實體門之製造，以探討其耐火性能，俾提供業界實作參考。

關鍵字

木質材料 ； 無機質材料 ； 木質防火門 ； 防火時效 ； 耐火性能 ； 曝火面

並列摘要

One-hour rating, laboratory-scale wooden fire door incorporated with various wood-based and inorganic materials was manufactured in this study. The performances of the specimens throughout the whole designated combustion run were measured and analyzed one after another such that a better incorporating procedure could be explored and followed. Specimens of three incorporation procedures passed the impact test with 66-75% of the dimension uncarbonized. Examining the fire retardant performance of the 54 small-scale wooden fire doors investigated, the best combination of the materials was a center-located inorganic fibrous mat overlaid with a magnesium oxide board and topped with a fiber glass board, while treated Taiwania was used as dimension in which at least 97 kg/m^3 FR-B fire retardants was impregnated. All of the 54 types specimen showed a unexposed surface temperature lower than 260°C. Still a large proportion failed in the CNS impact test due to the serious carbonization of the dimension inducing the lack of strength of the hinge. The result also indicated that the materials chosen for the upper two layers (boards) as well as the incorporation process in manufacturing were important factors on fire retardant performance. The manufacturing and the fire retardant performance of the full scale wooden fire door using the qualified materials and procedures derived from this investigation will be the objectives of our next study.

並列關鍵字

Wood-based materials ； Inorganic materials ； Wooden fire door ； Fire rating ； Fire performance ； Exposed surface