- 期刊
炭化條件對竹炭室內空氣淨化效能之探討
Effect of Carbonization Conditions on Indoor Air Purification of Bamboo Charcoals
摘要
本研究採用孟宗竹與桂竹為原料，進行竹炭與竹活性碳製作，並與市售備長炭、竹炭及活性碳進行比較。碳收率方面，不同製備條件與竹種或竹桿不同部位所得竹炭（未活化處理）或竹活性碳（活化處理）之碳收率差異不大，在20%~28%之間。以炭化降溫後活化（製備條件II）所研製之孟宗竹活性碳有最高之碳收率。不論是炭化後直接活化（製備條件I）或炭化降溫後活化（製備條件II）竹炭或竹活性碳之C%含量均會增加，增加率77.87~90.61%，與市售炭材料相當，比市售活性碳高，且以炭化降溫後活化之孟宗竹活性碳較佳，而不同竹桿部位影響不顯著。另外孟宗竹炭之S%含量於炭化後呈現增加的情形。所研製竹活性碳比表面積（BET值）之最高值為364.0±9.0 m^2/g，高於市售孟宗竹炭，然其他竹活性碳則較差。竹種與碳元素含量均是影響BET值的因素。針對苯（Benzene, B）、甲苯（Toulene, T）、乙苯（Ethylbenzene, E）、二甲苯（Xylene, X）、苯乙烯（Styrene, S）等合稱BTEXS之揮發性有機化合物（VOCs）之吸附，顯示同時炭化活化之桂竹活性碳，大部分具有穩定的吸附效率。而表面散射式傅立葉轉換光譜分析方面，孟宗竹與桂竹活性碳主要吸收峰位置介於2250-2400 cm^(-1)間與1250-2000 cm^(-1)間，且活化處理過程對於孟宗竹與桂竹所製成的竹活性碳影響不大。此外與市售備長炭比較結果得知互相間組成成分差異不大。本研究所研製之竹炭與竹活性碳，以炭化降溫後活化所得吸附效能較優於炭化後直接活化所得吸附效能，且能應用於室內空氣淨化時為吸附劑之用。
並列摘要
Charcoals were produced from raw, air-dried Moso and Qui bamboo and compared with other Binchotan, bamboo charcoal and activated carbons from the market. Yields were among 20 to 28%. Varieties of activation, carbonizing condition and sections of bamboo did no make significant differences. Highest yields were achieved from separated temperature profiled activation following carbonization, referred as Procedure 2. Procedure 1 was referred as direct activation following carbonization on same temperature. Both procedures 1 and 2 will increase carbon yields, from 77.87~90.61%, comparable with activated carbons on market. Variety of bamboo sections did not make significant difference. And sulfur contents of Moso bamboo increased with deeper carbonization. The highest specific surface area (BET) in this study was measured as 195.0±3.5 m2/g, higher than the values of activated Moso bamboo charcoals on the market, but lower values are measured form other activated carbons. Carbon content could play a major factor influencing BET values. Benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene, styrene (BTEXS) were adsorbed better on activated carbons made from Procedure 2 than on activated carbons made from Procedure 1. For surface diffusive refractive FT-IR analysis, major absorptions of Moso and Qui bamboo charcoals are located between 2250-2400 cm-1 and 1250-2000 cm-1, activation processes impact Moso and Qui bamboo charcoals slightly different, as well as compared with spectrum from commercial activated carbon products. This study demonstrated that activated charcoals made from Moso and Qui bamboo can be effectively applied on indoor air purification.