- 期刊
孟宗竹竹醋液成份分析與抗室塵蟎效能
Component Analyses and Anti-house Dust Mite Efficiency of Moso Bamboo Vinegar
摘要
本研究之試驗材料係經由林試所竹炭燒製研究工作所收集之孟宗竹醋液。試材共有5組，分別在燒炭窯出口溫度82℃、92℃、103℃、122℃及147℃的情況下所收集。各項竹醋液經測量後，pH值在2.7～3.5，比重值1.01～1.02。有機酸含量及溶解焦油含量之測定值分別為5.5～9.0%以及0.3～0.5%。將定量（50ml）竹醋液與同量乙醚（diethyl ether）和醋酸乙酯（ethyl acetate）溶劑順序在分液漏斗中混合均勻，以分液方法分別收集2項有機萃取液及殘餘水層。再分別進行竹醋液原液和2種有機層分液之抗美洲室塵蟎（Dermatophagoides farinae）效能測試。試驗結果顯示竹醋原液在24hrs後造成室塵蟎6～36%之致死率；而48hrs後則有18～85%之致死率。其中以第5組抑蟎效率最高，第4組效率最低。乙醚萃取液之抗室塵蟎效應最為顯著，在24hrs後5組試樣均形成95%以上之室塵蟎致死率，而48hrs後更全都達到100%。另外，醋酸乙酯萃取液24hrs之抑蟎效率為5～19%，於48hrs後則達到32～66%。因此，可以瞭解主要活性成份大部份已在第一次乙醚分液處理中萃取出來。應用氣相層析質譜儀（GC-MS）對竹醋原液和有機層進行分析，得知乙醚層所含酚類有機成份種類最多。
並列摘要
In this study, the bamboo vinegar was collected as a by-product with bamboo charcoal, manufactured from pyrolysis of Phyllostachys edulis (Moso bamboo) by TFRI research group. A total of 5 kinds of bamboo vinegar were collected at 82℃, 92℃, 103℃, 122℃ and 147℃ respectively. The pH values and specific gravities of bamboo vinegars were measured in the ranges of 2.7~3.5 and 1.01~1.02 respectively. Besides, the organic acid contents and soluble tar contents of bamboo vinegar were observed in the ranges of 5.5~9.0% and 0.3~0.5% respectively. An amount of 50 ml bamboo vinegar is mixed well with the same amount of solvents diethyl ether and ethyl acetate in the separatory funnel sequentially to separate the organic components from water. The 2 organic layers and water layer were collected individually. The anti-house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae) properties of original bamboo vinegar and 2 organic layers had been examined to reveal that the original bamboo vinegar resulted in 6~36% mortality of house dust mite after 24 hrs test and 18~85% mortality after 48 hrs test. The ether layers, however, expressed the best mite-inhibitive rate, with all five samples inducing the house dust mite to be more than 95% mortality after 24 hrs and all reaching 100% mortality after 48 hrs. Moreover, the ethyl acetate layers resulted in the mite mortality of 5~19% after 24 hrs test, and 32~66% mortality after 48 hrs. Therefore, it could be understood that most of the anti-mite components had been extracted from bamboo vinegar by the ether layer. The original bamboo vinegar and 2 organic layers were analysed by GC-MS to detect their major components and the ether layer was determined to contain the most abundant phenolic components.