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柳杉心材抽出物抑蟎活性之研究

Study on the Anti-mite Activities of the Heartwood Extracts of Japanese Fir (Cryptomeria japonica)

摘要


室塵蟎(House dust mite)為居家主要過敏來室塵蟎(House dust mite)為居家主要過敏來源,存活於食物、家具、室內裝潢、寢具、地毯與灰塵中,為一般居家環境中常見之害蟲,易造成過敏性氣喘。本試驗之主要目的為探討柳杉心材甲醇抽出物對室塵蟎之抑蟎活性,結果發現柳杉心材抽出物具有顯著抑蟎活性,其有效成分以GC-MS進行分析,其中正己烷混合乙酸乙酯10:1(v/v)沖提部顯示具有殺蟎效果,當劑量為0.30 mg/cm^2 時,在三天內對家塵蟎之致死率可高達95.7%,其主要成分為γ-Cadinene (35.1%)、Germacrene D (15.8%)、Cedrol (12.5%)、Elemol (10.4%)、γ-Eudesmol (9.6%)、β-Eudesmol (7.0%)、和β-Cubebene (5.6%);而正己烷沖提部則具忌避性,劑量為0.10 mg/cm^2時,家塵蟎1hr內已多顯著有往萃取物反方向移動的現象,其主要成分為γ-Cadinene (64.8%)、Germacrene D (16.7%)、α-Muurolene (6.9%)、Aromadendrene(4.6%)。由此研究之結果得知,柳杉具有開發成符合環保要求的居家防蟲產品之潛力,適合於居家建材之應用,具經濟性及實用性,可做為居家或室內環境相關材料選擇之參考樹種。源,存活於食物、家具、室內裝潢、寢具、地毯與灰塵中,為一般居家環境中常見之害蟲,易造成過敏性氣喘。本試驗之主要目的為探討柳杉心材甲醇抽出物對室塵蟎之抑蟎活性,結果發現柳杉心材抽出物具有顯著抑蟎活性,其有效成分以GC-MS進行分析,其中正己烷混合乙酸乙酯10:1(v/v)沖提部顯示具有殺蟎效果,當劑量為0.30 mg/cm2 時,在三天內對家塵蟎之致死率可高達95.7%,其主要成分為γ-Cadinene (35.1%)、Germacrene D (15.8%)、Cedrol (12.5%)、Elemol (10.4%)、γ-Eudesmol (9.6%)、β-Eudesmol (7.0%)、和β-Cubebene (5.6%);而正己烷沖提部則具忌避性,劑量為0.10 mg/cm2時,家塵蟎1hr內已多顯著有往萃取物反方向移動的現象,其主要成分為γ-Cadinene (64.8%)、Germacrene D (16.7%)、α-Muurolene (6.9%)、Aromadendrene(4.6%)。由此研究之結果得知,柳杉具有開發成符合環保要求的居家防蟲產品之潛力,適合於居家建材之應用,具經濟性及實用性,可做為居家或室內環境相關材料選擇之參考樹種。

關鍵字

柳杉 室塵蟎 忌避性 抑蟎活性

並列摘要


House dust mites (Dermatophagoidiniae farinae (Hughes)) are one of the major sources of indoor allergens. They present in foods, furniture, beds, carpet and dust, are the main pests in all homes. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-mite activity of the methanol heartwood extractives of Japanese fir (Cryptomeria japonica (L. f.) D. Don) for house-dust mite. The experimental results showed that Japanese fir extracts have excellent anti-mite activities. The effective fraction of extractives was analyzed by GC/MS. The results from a repellency bioassay show that the mixture of n-hexane fraction and ethyl acetate (10:1, v/v) fraction had excellent acaricidal properties. The mortality was 95.7% at a dosage of 0.30 mg/cm^2 within three days. Its main constituents were γ-Cadinene (35.1%),Germacrene D (15.8%),Cedrol (12.5%),Elemol (10.4%),γ-Eudesmol (9.6%),β-Eudesmol (7.0%)、and β-Cubebene (5.6%). The n-hexane fraction of Japanese fir extracts can effectively get rid of house-dust mite. This mite showed a movement away from the extract at a dosage of 0.10 mg/cm^2 within one hour. The main constituents were γ-Cadinene (64.8%), Germacrene D (16.7%), α-Muurolene (6.9%) and Aromadendrene (4.6%). Based on the results from this study, Japanese fir has the potential to develop into environmentally-friendly pest control products. It is suitable for building materials for home use with economic and practical value, it can also be used as appropriate tree species for afforestation purpose.

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