酚液化竹材製備酚醛樹脂成型物之碳化處理及其性質

Carbonization and Properties of Moldings Made with Phenol-formaldehyde Resins Prepared from Phenol-liquefied Bamboo

陳奕君(Yi-Chun Chen) ； 李文昭(Wen-Jau Lee)

《林產工業》 34卷2期 (2015/06) Pp. 81-87

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.2015.34(2).4

摘要

本研究將孟宗竹粉在酚溶劑中以酸（硫酸、鹽酸）為催化劑進行液化處理，所得酚液化竹材與甲醛反應製備水溶性與醇溶性Resol型酚醛樹脂（Phenol-formaldehyderesins;PF）及Novolak型PF樹脂，並利用不同合成條件PF樹脂製作硬化樹脂成型物。由DSC熱分析結果顯示，以液化竹材為原料所製備三種PF樹脂成型物與利用化石酚為原料之PF樹脂成型物有相似的熱性質。進一步將各不同條件成型物以800°C之高溫加熱進行碳化處理。由結果得知，以醇溶性PF樹脂之成型物有最高收率，其次為Novolak型PF樹脂。碳化處理時，採用2°C/min及5°C/min兩種升溫速率比較，升溫速率較快者其碳化產物之收率較高，尺寸收縮率較小。

關鍵字

液化竹材 ； 酚醛樹脂 ； 成型物 ； 碳化

並列摘要

In this study, powders of Phyllostachys heterocycla (Moso bamboo) were liquefied in phenol with H_2SO_4 and HCl as catalysts, respectively. The liquefied bamboo was used to prepare water-soluble and alcohol-soluble Resol type phenol-formaldehyde resins (PF) and Novolak type PF resin by reacting with formaldehyde. The moldings of cured resin were manufactured from PF resins that prepared by different synthesis conditions. The experimental result of DSC thermal analysis showed that moldings made with three types of PF resin prepared from liquefied bamboo had the thermal property similar to that made with PF resin prepared with fossil phenol as raw material. Furthermore, moldings that made with different conditions were carbonized at 800°C. The results showed that the molding made with alcohol-soluble Resol type PF resin had the highest yield, followed by Novolak type PF resin. Comparison between the heating rates of 2°C/min and 5°C/min, carbonized with the faster heating rates had higher yield and less dimensional shrinkage.

並列關鍵字

Liquefied bamboo ； Phenol-formaldehyde resins ； Moldings ； Carbonization