酚液化相思樹製備酚甲醛樹脂之性質及其在合板與粒片板製造之應用

The Properties of Phenol-formaldehyde Resin Prepared from Phenol-liquefied Acacia confusa and Its Application in the Manufacturing of Plywood and Particleboard

歐志助(Chih-Chu Ou) ； 李文昭(Wen-Jau Lee)

《林產工業》 36卷4期 (2017/12) Pp. 213-223

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.201712_36(4).0003

摘要

酚-甲醛樹脂（Phenol-formaldehyde resin；PF）為木材工業所採用最重要的膠合劑，主要由酚與甲醛反應而得。本研究將相思樹（Acacia confusa；Taiwan acacia）木材在酚液體中以HCl及H_2SO_4為催化劑進行液化處理以獲得CLW及S-LW兩種液化木材（Liquefied wood；LW）。並利用LW為酚原料，在甲醛/酚（F/P）莫耳比1.8/1、2.0/1，氫氧化鈉/酚（NaOH/P）莫耳比0.4/1、0.5/1、0.6/1條件下製備LW為基質PF樹脂（LW-based PF resin；LW-PF）。探討不同條件所製備LW-PF樹脂之性質，並評估將LW-PF做為合板及粒片板製造時膠合劑的可行性。由結果得知，液化時採用催化劑種類及樹脂合成條件均將影響LW-PF樹脂之性質。不同催化劑所製備LW比較，C-LW較S-LW較適用於LW-PF樹脂合成，合成時NaOH/P莫耳比對LW-PF樹脂性質之影響大於F/P莫耳比。應用於合板及粒片板製作時，以C-LW為酚原料，並在F/P莫耳比2.0/1，NaOH/P莫耳比0.5/1條件下所合成LW-PF樹脂可提供較佳的木質板材性質。

關鍵字

相思樹 ； 液化木材 ； 粒片板 ； 酚醛樹脂 ； 合板

並列摘要

Phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) is one of the most important adhesives used in the wood industry which was obtained by reacting phenol with formaldehyde. In this study, wood of Acacia confusa (Taiwan acacia) was liquefied in phenol with HCl and H_2SO_4 as catalyst to obtain two liquefied woods (LW), named as C-LW and S-LW, respectively. LW-based PF resins (LW-PF) were prepared with LW as the phenolic raw material under the conditions that the molar ratios of formaldehyde/phenol (F/P) were 1.8/1 and 2.0/1 and the molar ratios of NaOH/phenol (NaOH/P) were 0.4/1, 0.5/1 and 0.6/1, respectively. The properties of LW-PF resin prepared under different conditions were investigated as well as the feasibility of using LW-PF as an adhesive for the manufacturing of plywood and particleboard were assessed. The experimental results showed that both the kind of catalyst used during liquefaction and the conditions used for resin synthesis will affect the properties of LW-PF resin. Comparison of LW that liquefied with different catalysts, C-LW is more suitable for LW-PF resin synthesis than that of S-LW. The effect of NaOH/P molar ratio on the properties of LW-PF resin was greater than that of F/P molar ratio. When used in the production of plywood and particleboard, the LW-PF resin prepared with C-LW as a phenolic raw material and synthesized under the F/P molar ratio of 2.0/1 and NaOH/P molar ratio of 0.5/1 can give the wood-based board with better properties.

並列關鍵字

Acacia confusa ； Liquefied wood ； Particleboard ； Phenol-formaldehyde resins ； Plywood