台灣地區貝類重金屬含量分析方法探討及資料之建立

Analysis and Investigation of Heavy Metals in Shellfishes by GFAAS/FLAAS in Taiwan

施如佳(Ru-Chia Shih) ； 陳石松(Syr-Song Chen) ； 張美華(Mei-Hua Chang) ； 邱雅琦(Ya-Chi Chiu) ； 陳怡如(Yi-Ru Chen) ； 鄭秋真(Chieu-Chen Cheng) ； 周薰修(Shin-Shou Chou)

《藥物食品檢驗局調查研究年報》 24號 (2006/12) Pp. 325-344

https://doi.org/10.6946/ASRNL.200612.0325

摘要

本研究建立微波消化法之前處理並配合石墨爐式原子吸收光譜儀及火燄式原子吸收光譜儀以分析鉛(Pb)、鎘(Cd)、鎳(Ni)、鉻(Cr)、錫(Sn)、銅(Cu)及鋅(Zn)等七種重金屬方法；同時依據所建立之方法檢測市售螺貝類檢體100件。牡蠣之標準參考物質（Community Bureau of Reference BCR no.278R及NIST Standard Reference Material 1566b）以硝酸／過氧化氫消化劑微波消化後，分別以石墨爐式原子吸收光譜儀分析鉛、鎘、鎳、鉻、錫及以火燄式原子吸收光譜儀分析銅、鋅等元素，結果都能符合其標示值。另分別添加鉛(0.50μg)、鎘(0.25μg)、鎳(0.75μg)、鉻(0.75μg)、錫(2.5μg)、銅(62.5μg)及鋅(62.5μg)等標準品至生鮮牡蠣檢體，進行回收試驗，結果三重複的回收率分別為96.8、96.0、96.0、102.4、81.0、103.1及98.8%，變異係數介於0.5~6.7%。將此方法應用於市售螺貝類檢體100件之檢驗，結果鉛含量總平均值為0.135μg/g(N.D.~0.343μg/g)；鎘含量總平均值為0.126μg/g(N.D.~0.701μg/g)；鎳含量總平均值為0.273μg/g(0.003~1.091μg/g)；鉻含量總平均值為0.174μg/g(0.006~0.625μg/g)；錫含量總平均值為0.051μg/g(N.D~0.373μg/g)；銅含量總平均值為49.6μg/g(0.1~348.2μg/g)；鋅含量總平均值為106.1μg/g(4.6~580.9μg/g)。

關鍵字

石墨爐式原子吸收光譜儀 ； 火燄式原子吸收光譜儀 ； 貝類

並列摘要

A simple and rapid microwave digestion method is described for complete destruction of the shellfish tissue samples, instead of the conventional dry-ashing procedures. Sample preparation was performed by focused openvessel microwave digestion using nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide. An atomic absorption spectrometer equipped with Zeeman background correction was used for the determination of the heavy metals Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, and Sn. Flame atomic absorption spectrometer was used for the determination of Cu and Zn. The method was evaluated using BCR mussel certified reference material and NIST oyster standard reference material. The average recoveries of the 7 elements spiked into samples were 96.8% for Pb, 96.0% for Cd, 96.0% for Ni, 102.4% for Cr, 81.0% for Sn, 103.1% for Cu, and 98.8% for Zn, respectively. The developed method was applied to analyze 100 shellfish samples which were purchased from local markets. The results showed that the average content of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Sn, Cu, and Zn was 0.135 μg/g (N.D.~0.343 μg/g), 0.126 μg/g (N.D.~0.701 μg/g), 0.273 μg/g (0.003~1.091 μg/g), 0.174 μg/g (0.006~0.625 μg/g), 0.051 μg/g (N.D~0.373 μg/g), 49.6 μg/g (0.1~348.2 μg/g), and 106.1 μg/g (4.6~580.9 μg/g), respectively.

並列關鍵字

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ； GFAAS ； Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ； FLAAS ； shellfish