- 期刊
私有林農對國土復育策略方案暨行動計畫之意向分析－以南投縣為例
Inclination Analyses of Private Forest Owners towards Public Land Restoration Strategy and Action Plan-A Case Study in Nan-tou County
摘要
由於近年來土石災害頻傳已經反映出國土不堪負荷的訊急，政府察覺到台灣的國土大地已過度開發，國土復育已達刻不容緩的地步。行政院在94年l月19日通過「國土復育策略方案暨行動計畫（草案）」及「國土復育條例（草案）」，其目的即積極復育、管制過度開發山地地區，促進環境資源、高山之永續發展，減緩自然災害及確保山區部落之安全。 政府的國土復育政策除了需要各級政府單位之推動外，尚得靠民眾之充分支持與配合方可竟事功。本計畫目的即在探討民營林農對國土復育策略方案暨行動計畫（草案）內各項林業政策的反應及有興趣的內容與意向，找出民營林農較易接受且配合的規定，以解決當前民營林農造林意願低落及超限利用等問題。 本研究之調查對象是林試所蓮華池研究中心所在的南投縣各鄉鎮民營林農，結果顯示專職林農占68.37%，兼職林農占31.63；專職林農或兼職林農對於「國土復育策略方案暨行動計畫」中「原住民權益之特別保障」群組，皆通過信度及效度測定，且有關原住民權益問題，贊同意見皆超過6成，表示有關山區原住民的生存與發展及振興高山地區生態旅遊產業，已獲得普遍的重視與關懷。而專職林農與兼職林農對於「山坡地之道路非屬法定道路者，除行政院專案核准之林道，不再新闢及拓寬。既有非計畫道路一旦毀損，除原住民部落內之道路及主要聯外道路、聚居達三十戶聚落之唯一聯外道路與農地重劃區內之道路外，不再補助修復」及「高海拔山區及中海拔山區內之中央主管機關得徵收區內私有土地及合法土地改良物」等與和有林農生計有關的二項規定，贊成者皆未超過5成，且有近4成的林農反對，柱後在執行公權力上定有相當之阻礙，政府有關當局需再三考量、審慎研究因應之。對於「國土復育策略方案」雖然多數人知道此方案，但是仍有約三分之一的林農不知道，因此政府的政策宣導工作尚有相當大的發展空間。
並列摘要
The frequent mud and debris flow disasters in recent years have reflected the overloading of national land, the government is aware of the fact that Taiwan's land has been overdeveloped, and the restoration of national land is an urgent task currently. Executive Yuan has past ”National Land Restoration Strategy and Action Plan Draft” and ”National Land Regulation Draft” on January 19, 2005. The main purposes of the above-mentioned drafts are to actively restore and control overdeveloped mountainous areas, improve sustainable development of environmental resources and high mountain, mitigate natural disasters and ensure the safety of aboriginal people. The success of the government's national land restoration policy lies on the effective execution of the governments at different levels, and the support and cooperation by the people. The main objectives of this project are to explore the response and inclination of the private forest owners towards the government's national land restoration strategy and action plan draft, and dig out the regulations which will be easily accepted and cooperated by private forest owners, in order to resolve the problems of declining intention for reforestation by private forest owners and over-development and utilization in privately managed forests. The results of this study indicate that the ”Special Protection of Aboriginal Rights” group for the professional private and non-professional private forest owners towards ”National Land Restoration Strategy and Action Plan”, have past the test of reliability and validity. In addition, the assenters towards related problems of aboriginal rights and interests exceed sixty percent, which implies that the survival and development of aboriginal people and promotion of ecotourism enterprise in high altitude mountainous areas have received due attention and concern. On the contrary, for the two regulations of ”The roads in the mountainside which are not legal, except the roads are specially approved by the Executive Yuan, should not be built or broadened again. The existing non-planned roads once damaged, except aboriginal tribe's roads and major outlet road, or sole outlet road of over 30-household community and roads of farmland re-planning area, should not be subsidized for repairing”, and ”The central government can compulsory purchase private land and legal land ameliorant in high altitude and medium altitude mountainous areas if needed”, related to private landlords' living, to which the assenters comprise less than fifty percent of responders, and objectors comprise nearly forty percent of responders. Under this situation, it could be detrimental if government enforces the law in the future, and government should think about this beforehand. For the ”National Land Restoration Strategy”, although most people knew it, there are still one third people never heard about it yet. Therefore, promotion and education towards government's policy still remain much to be desired.