臺灣杉不同部位精油及抽出物抗褐根病菌之評估

Evaluation of Essential Oils and Extracts of Different Plant Parts from Taiwania cryptomerioides against Phellinus noxius

鄭森松(Sen-Sung Cheng) ； 莊閔傑(Min-Jay Chung) ； 林群雅(Chun-Ya Lin) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang) ； 王亞男(Ya-Nan Wang)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 24卷2期 (2010/06) Pp. 85-95

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.201006_24(2).0002

摘要

本研究目的係萃取臺灣杉不同部位精油及乙醇抽出物，並利用氣相層析質譜儀分析臺灣杉不同部位精油成分之差異，另外也評估不同部位精油與乙醇抽出物的抗褐根病菌活性。試驗結果顯示，臺灣杉心材精油的收率最高，而邊材精油之收率最低；至於乙醇抽出物的收率，則以葉子的收率最高，而邊材的收率最低。至於不同部位精油成分分析，心材和枝條精油之主成分均以倍半萜類含氧化合物α-Cadinol為主，含量分別為27.81%和29.02%；邊材和樹皮精油之主成分均以二萜類含氧化合物Ferruginol為主，含量分別為35.35%和24.49%；葉子精油之主成分以單萜類碳氫化合物α-Pinene（15.31%） 為主。另比較不同部位精油和乙醇抽出物對褐根病菌之抑制效果，試驗結果顯示，臺灣杉心材精油和乙醇抽出物的抑菌效果最好，對P. noxius之半數抑制率分別為51.5 μg/mL 和77.8 μg/mL。由上述結果得知，臺灣杉心材精油和乙醇抽出物之抗褐根病菌效果良好，非常值得進一步開發利用。

關鍵字

精油 ； 乙醇抽出物 ； 心材 ； 褐根病菌 ； 臺灣杉

並列摘要

In this study the yields of essential oils of different plant parts from Taiwania cryptomerioides obtained by water distillation were compared and their constituents were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analyses. In addition, the antifungal activities of essential oils and ethanolic extracts of different plant parts from T. cryptomerioides against Phellinus noxius were investigated. The highest essesntial oil content was found in heartwood, whereas the lowest content was found in sapwood. The highest ethanolic extract content was found in leaf, whereas the lowest content was detected in sapwood. Using GC-MS analyses, the oxygenated sesquiterpene compounds dominate in essential oils from heartwood and twig, and the major compound is α-cadinol (27.81% and 29.02%, respectively). The oxygenated diterpene compounds dominate in essential oils from sapwood and bark, and the major compound is ferruginol (35.35% and 24.49%, respectively). The monoterpene hydrocarbon compounds dominate in essential oil from leaves, and the major compound is α-pinene (15.31%). According to the antifungal tests against P. noxius, the heartwood essential oil and ethanolic extract of T. cryptomerioides had strong antifungal activities, with the IC50 values of 51.5 and 77.8 μg/mL, respectively. It is proposed that the excellent antifungal activities of T. cryptomerioides heartwood essential oil and ethanolic extract can be used as potential antifungal agents for the control of fungal diseases in plants.

並列關鍵字

Essential oil ； Ethanolic extract ； Heartwood ； Phellinus noxius ； Taiwania cryptomerioides