柳杉人工林皆伐前後螞蟻群聚結構之差異

為探討螞蟻群聚結構在柳杉人工林皆伐前後之變化，本研究於溪頭教育園區一成熟柳杉造林地（第2林班49－1號）規劃9個試驗樣區，分別以落葉袋採集法和地面掉落式陷阱，於皆伐前後調查地表活動與土壤棲息的螞蟻多樣性。共採集到6亞科20屬25種876隻螞蟻個體，以地面掉落式陷阱所採集到的螞蟻數量最多（476隻）。螞蟻種類組成在皆伐前後以褐大頭家蟻（Pheidole parva）、邵氏寡家蟻（Carebara sauteri）和黃足短針蟻（Brachyponera luteipes）三種數量最多；皆伐後褐大頭家蟻之相對豐度增加，而邵氏寡家蟻相對豐度下降，黃足短針蟻則無明顯差異。螞蟻功能群分析發現隱密種類群、捕食種類群、逢機種類群和普遍化家蟻群之豐度在皆伐前後皆有顯著差異。

關鍵字

人工林；皆伐；螞蟻功能群

並列摘要

To investigate the changes in ant community structures after clear-cutting, this study set up 9 experimental units (EU) in number 49-1 of the second compartment, a matured Cryptomeria japonica plantation, in Xitou Nature Education Area., We used Winkler bags and pitfall traps to collect epigaeic and hypogaeic ants before and after clear-cutting. A total of 876 ant individuals belonging to 6 subfamilies, 20 genera, and 25 species were collected. The largest number of individuals (i.e., 476 individuals) were collected by pitfall traps. The most abundant ant species found in the plantation before and after clear-cutting were Pheidole parva, Carebara sauteri, and Brachyponera luteipes. The relative abundance of Pheidole parva increased after clear-cutting. In contrast to Pheidole parva, the relative abundance of Carebara sauteri decreased, while there was no significant difference in the relative abundance of Brachyponera luteipes after clear-cutting. Ant functional group analysis showed that the relative abundance of cryptic species, specialist predators, generalized Myrmicinae and opportunists were significantly different before and after clear-cutting.

並列關鍵字

Plantation ； Clear-cutting ； Ant functional group

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