兩種造癭蚜蟲在紅皮蟲癭豐度與組成分析

本研究針對在寄主植物紅皮（Styrax suberifolius）上竹葉扁蚜（Astegopteryx bambucifoliae）和竹莖扁蚜（Pseudoregma bambucicola）蟲癭內的蚜蟲組成與蟲癭發育階段及季節間的關係進行分析。在2002年12月到2006年5月期間我們一共採集了48個竹葉扁蚜蟲癭及69個竹莖扁蚜蟲癭。在單一蟲癭中，竹葉扁蚜最多由46個次蟲癭組成，竹莖扁蚜為12個次蟲癭組成；竹葉扁蚜蟲最多的個體數量為8214，而竹莖扁蚜則為2776；每個次蟲癭內的最大平均蚜蟲數，竹葉扁蚜為668.67，竹莖扁蚜為461.33。最大次蟲癭的長度*寬度，竹葉扁蚜為47.8*8.0 mm，竹莖扁蚜為26.8*11.7 mm。本研究依照每個蟲癭中已有開口形成的次蟲癭比例，將蟲癭的發育定義出四個階段：Stage 1，所有次蟲癭皆無開口；Stage 2，有開口的次蟲癭比例低於50%大於0；Stage 3，有開口的次蟲癭比例介於等於50%和小於100%；Stage 4，次蟲癭100%開口形成。調查結果發現，不論是竹葉扁蚜或是竹莖扁蚜，其兵蚜都在Stage 1時就開始出現；有翅型個體方面，則是竹葉扁蚜會在Stage 1出現，但竹莖扁蚜會等到Stage 4才會出現。當檢視兵蚜與非兵蚜數量間的關係後發現，無論是竹葉扁蚜或是竹莖扁蚜的兵蚜數量都會隨著非兵蚜數量的增加而增加，但兩物種的變化模式有些微差異。竹葉扁蚜的兵蚜數量隨著非兵蚜數量的增加，而有持續增加的趨勢；竹莖扁蚜的兵蚜數量只有在非兵蚜數量大約小於500左右時快速增加，之後兵蚜數量就沒有太大的變化。

關鍵字

竹葉扁蚜；竹莖扁蚜；社會性蚜蟲；寄主轉換；生活環

並列摘要

In this study, we focused on two galling-aphids, Astegopteryx bambucifoliae and Pseudoregma bambucicola, on their host plant Styrax suberifolius to find out the relationships between gall inhabitant compositions and the developmental stages of galls, as well as the seasonal changes of the gall inhabitant compositions. From December 2002 to May 2006, we collected 48 and 69 galls of A. bambucifoliae and P. bambucicola, respectively. A single gall of A. bambucifoliae consists of 46 subgalls and P. bambucicola consists of 12 subgalls in maximum. The maximum colony size and the average number per subgall were 8214 and 2776 individuals for A. bambucifoliae and 668.67 and 461.33 individuals for P. bambucicola. The length*width of the largest subgall were 47.8*8.0 and 26.8*11.7 mm for the gall of A. bambucifoliae and P. bambucicola, respectively. According to the status of ostioles (i.e., openings at the apex of each subgall), galls were defined as being at four developmental stages: Stage 1, no ostiole formed; Stage 2, ＞ 0 and ＜ 50% of subgalls with ostioles; Stage 3, ＞50% and ＜ 100% of subgalls with ostioles; Stage 4, 100% of subgalls with ostioles. We found that both A. bambucifoliae and P. bambucicola have soldiers as early as during Stage 1. In contrast, alates of A. bambucifoliae appeared at Stage 1, and those of P. bambucicola appeared at Stage 4. The relationships between soldier and non-soldier numbers were positively correlated for both aphid species with slightly different patterns. The abundance of A. bmaubcifoliae solders seems to increase incessantly with growing non-soldier numbers. On the other hand, the abundance of P. bambcicola solders increased dramatically when non-soldier numbers were lower than 500 but became stable since after.

並列關鍵字

Pseudoregma bambucicola ； Astegopteryx bambucifoliae ； Social Aphid ； Host Alternation ； Life Cycle

主題瀏覽