強度放牧對盤固草地水土流失影響試驗

Runoff and Soil Losses from Closely Grazed Pangola Grass Pasture

鄭鑑鏘(C. C. Cheng) ； 謝昭賢(C. H. Hsieh)

《中華水土保持學報》 10卷2期 (1979/12) Pp. 67-73

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.197912_10(2).0006

摘要

强度放牧是最近幾年在牧草地管理上的一個新觀念。强度利用（非過度利用）可獲致較大的動物增重，牧草的復生龍力及營養成分也較高，但强度利用造成部份地表裸露所引起的水土流失應加注意。台灣的放牧地坡度較陡，此項冲蝕問題尤應留意。理論及傳統的觀念，盤固草地放牧後之殘草高度以不低於15公分爲標準，超過該數値卽爲强度利用。本試驗在盤固草地進行强度放牧的結果，逕流量顯著的增加；土壤流失量分別增加20.11％及14.48％，但差異不顯著，盤固草產量減少8.95％及0.37％，差異亦不顯著。越强度放牧的結果，牧草的品質越差。

並列摘要

Colse grazing was a new concept in grass management during the past several years. The system provides both economical and better forage. It is based on heavy utilization which makes excellent livestock gains on grass harvested by the animals. However, close grazing leaves some of the soil surface exposed. This has caused some concern that erosion might become a problem. This study was conducted to determine the erosion control effectiveness of conventionally grazed and closely grazed pangola grass and the beef production potential of these management systems. The results of three years observation since 1975 showed that it had significantly higher runoff on closely grazed pasture than conventionally grazed pesture. Soil losses on closely grazed pastures were 20.11% and 14.48% higher than conventionally grazed pasture. Pangola grass yield on heavy utilization. areas were 8.95% and 0.37% lower than conventional grazed area. However, the difference were not significantly different at the .5% level. The more close grazing, the inferior quality of pangola grass was also found in this study.