無因次滯洪理論之研究

A Proposed Non-dimensional Model for Detention Characteristics

陳正炎(Jen-Yan Chen) ； 張三郎(San-Lang Chang) ； 陳禮仁(Li-Jen Chen)

《中華水土保持學報》 29卷1期 (1998/03) Pp. 45-55

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.199803_29(1).0005

摘要

山坡地高度開發，往往導致植生覆蓋巨幅減少，地表糙度降低，進而形成洪峰流量增大及土石大量流失，嚴重影響下游居民生命財產之安全。因此如何配合山坡地之開發而合理規劃滯洪設施，以吸收增加之逕流，使洪峰量維持在未開發前之下，實爲當前防災之重要課題。滯洪壩爲滯洪設施中之重要項目，其作用在降低洪峰流量，控制流心及有效調節泥砂流出量。爲剖析滯洪設施之滯洪特性，本文提出無因次滯洪理論解析法，並利用電腦操控可調變之流況配合試驗之進行，藉由試驗資料加以驗證各滯洪特性，期爲爾後山坡地開發時滯洪設施規劃上之設計參考。

關鍵字

滯洪壩 ； 流量歷線 ； 洪峰消減 ； 洪峰稽延 ； 滯洪容積 ； 無因次化

並列摘要

Tremendous developments on slope lands usually leads to the reduction of vegetation covering. As the surface rounghness decreases, it causes the increases of surface runoff and peak gravel flow. which may threaten human lifes and property downstream. In order to control the flood, in many areas the solution can be the construction of a detention dam, which may effectively alleviate the occurrence of peak discharge and reduce the amount of soil and sand carried by the flow. In order to' analyze the characteristic of detention structures, experiments in associated with computer-controlled unsteady flow have been conducted. Results are used to verify the analytical solutions of the non-dimensional detention theory proposed in this paper. It is intented to present some useful informations for the design of detention structures in the development of slopelands.

並列關鍵字

Detention Dam ； Flow Hydrograph ； Peak Attenuation ； Peak Lag ； Detention Volume ； Non-dimensionalize