數值地形模型應用於集水區規劃與整治之研究

Application of Digital Terrain Model for Watershed Planning and Management

林昭遠(Chao-Yuan Lin) ； 林文賜(Wen-Si Lin) ； 張力仁(Lit Chang)

《中華水土保持學報》 30卷2期 (1999/06) Pp. 149-155

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.199906_30(2).0007

摘要

集水區之地文及水文資訊爲水土保持規劃設計所不可或缺，本研究係以數值地形模型，利用排水流向之觀念，萃取集水區之稜線與水系。撰寫程式計算集水區之面積、周長、河川數量、集水區長度、集水區寬度、形狀係數、水系密度、平均高程、平均坡度、集水區密集度、漫地流時間、渠道流時間、集流時間、降雨強度、洪峰流量等屬性資料供水土保持規劃設計之參考。本系統亦提供動態查詢規劃區域內任何位置之集水區範圍及其屬性資料；並可利用道路與河系之交點計算道路沿線溪流與道路交叉點之位置座標、河川級序、交點坡度、主流長度、主流平均坡度、河序1之數量、河川彎曲度、交點之集水面積、交點之集水周長等資訊，供土石流整治及危險溪流劃定之參考。

關鍵字

集水區 ； 數值地形模型 ； 地理資訊系統

並列摘要

Topographic and hydrologic features of a watershed are the essential information for conservation planning of the watershed. The purpose of this study was to develop a system for extracting significant information for a watershed, including: area, perimeter, rivers, length, mean width, form factor, river density, average elevation, average slope, compactness, time of overland flow, time of channel flow, time of concentration, rainfall intensity and peak flow of analyzed watershed, all of which can be derived directly from the system. A dynamic watershed query module was also developed in the system to show the boundary and attributes of any watershed located in the interest area. The debris module can calculate the information of coordination, stream order, slope, stream length, average stream slope, numbers of stream order 1, stream tortuosity, watershed area and watershed perimeters of the outlets located at the intersections of road an stream. The debris module provides useful information for gully control to mitigate damage from debris flow.

並列關鍵字

watershed ； digital terrain model ； Geographic Information Systems