魚骨型魚道之水理及泥砂特性試驗研究

An Experimental Study of Hydraulic and Sediment Transport Characteristics for Fish-Bone-Type Fishway

陳樹群(Su-Chin Chen) ； 王順昌(Shun-Chang Wang)

《中華水土保持學報》 33卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 271-282

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.200212_33(4).0003

摘要

本研究係針對台灣防砂壩魚道之特性，對魚骨型魚道之水理與泥砂特性試驗研究，主要目的在於瞭解魚道入口水理及泥砂運移等機制，建立魚骨型魚道設計布置之參考依據，提供台灣本土性魚類較適用型式之魚道。坡度1/8時魚道泥砂約於時間進行30～40分鐘即可達到輸砂平衡，魚道排砂率在97%以上，坡度1/10時魚道泥砂約於試驗開始後20～50分鐘即可達到輸砂平衡，魚道排砂率在93.5%以上。魚骨型魚道布置恰當與否將影響排砂效率，經本研究兩種坡度之輸砂運移試驗結果，修正缺失得到－最佳設計型態，並建立現場之流量率定公式，可供現場驗證及設計布置檢討之參考。

關鍵字

魚骨型魚道 ； 防砂壩 ； 泥砂輸移

並列摘要

This study emphasizes on the characteristics of check-dams fishway in Taiwan, research of hydraulic and sediment transport characteristics for fish-bane-type fishway by using the mode test. For the purpose, it aims to understand the mechanism of hydraulic and sediment transport. Also, the design of a fish-bone-type fishway is established based upon such a scheme. Finding is used to provide a better fishway for the native fish species in Taiwan. For the slope 1/8, sediment of the fishway is reached to a balance of transporting after 30-40 minutes experimental time. The rate of sediment removal of the fishway is above 97%. For the slope 1/10, sediment of the fishway is reached to a balance of transporting after 20-50 minutes experimental time. The fishway had been modified from the model test and yield the optimized design type. The final type can be used to build an on-site proto type and the formula of discharge rating as well as providing a reference resource for the on-site experiment and evaluation of the design.

並列關鍵字

fish-bone-type fishway ； check dams ； sediment transport