不同土壤水分含量處理對‘麻豆文旦’生育、產量及品質之影響

Effect of Different Soil Water Content Treatments on the Growth, Yield and Quality of 'Matou Wentan' (Citrus grandis Osbeck)

陳溪潭(H. T. Chen) ； 呂俊堅(C. J. Lu) ； 張明聰(M. T. Chang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 36期 (1999/12) Pp. 37-45

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.199912.0003

摘要

本研究以微噴灌定量供水設備，配合簡易塑膠溫室為防雨設施，並設立水分張力計，將土壤含水量設計區分為20%（－8～－12分巴）、l5%（－30～－40分巴）及10%（－50～－70分巴）三處理，以不同土壤水分含量之全生育試驗調查三年生麻豆文旦，其結果為植株抽花穗率以土壤水分含量10%者為最高達24.5%，其次土壤水分含量15%者為18.9%，土壤水分含量20%者最低僅9.5%。植株花朵結果率以土壤水分含量20%者為最高達25.7%，其次土壤水分含量15%者為13.4%，土壤水分含量10%者最低僅為7.1%，且植株最後結果數以土壤水分含量20%及15%者為較高，分別為22.8個及21.8個，而土壤水分含量10%者僅為9個。果實品質分析，以土壤水分含量10%者，糖度最高為11.2度，含汁率最低僅為34.1%，且果實小；其次土壤水分含量15%者糖度為9.7度，含汁率最高為43.3%，僅少數大粒果實，果肉有異味產生；而土壤水分含量20%者，糖度最低僅為9.0度，含汁率亦僅為38.2%，果實大，且部份大粒果實果肉有乾米及異味產生。

關鍵字

麻豆文旦 ； 土壤合水量 ； 生育 ； 產量 ； 品質

並列摘要

A quantitative micro-irrigation system, simple protected structure and water tensiometers were used in this study to conduct the effect of different soil water content treatments on the growth and fruit quality of Matou Wentan (Citrus grandis Osbeck). Soil water content were kept at 20% (-8 to-12 centibars), 15% (-30 to -40 centibars) or 10% (-50 to -70 centibars) for the growth of 3-yr-old trees. It revealed that best flowering was observed in the treatment with 10% of soil water content followed by the 15% and 20%, the percentage of flowering shoots on each tree was 24.5%; 18.9%; and 9.5%, respectively. Friut setting percentage in descending order were 25.7%; 13.4% and 7.1%, respectively, for the soil water content of 20%, 15% and 10%. The number of fruits/tree harvested from the soil with 20% and 15% of water content were better than that from 10%, they were 22.8, 21.8 and 9.0 fruits/tree, respectively. Analysis of fruit quality indicated that sugar content and juice percentage in the treatment with 10% of soil water content were 11.2 Brix and 34.1 %, respective1y, however, the fruits were smaller. In the treatment with 15 % of soil water content, the fruits were resulted in 9.7 Brix sugar content, 43.3% juice, and larger fruits with off-flavor. The fruits treated with 20% soil water content were performed with 9.0 Brix sugar content, 38.2% juice, larger fruits with off-flavor and partially dehydrated in the vesicles.

並列關鍵字

Matou Wentan ； soil water content ； growth ； yield ； quality