大蒜遺傳歧異性之研究

Genetic Diversity of Garlic (Allium sativum) Varieties/Lines in Taiwan

趙秀淓(Hsiu-Fung Chao) ； 楊藹華(Ai-Hua Yang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 45期 (2005/06) Pp. 26-38

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.200506.0002

摘要

本研究主要目的在於分析二十六個台灣大蒜品種（系）之遺傳歧異性，就園藝外表特性表現其相似性係數介於0至0.85之間，經由親緣樹形圖來看，可明顯將二十六個大蒜品種（系）區分為兩大類群；其中第一類群（軟骨蒜）又分為二個亞群，第二類群（硬骨蒜）中之和美番（32）與同類群其他品種系之相似係數差異甚大。另經由RAPD結果顯示，引子OPI03可產生較明顯之可區分的核酸片段，進一步利用OPI03-3為引子進行分子性狀分析，明顯分辨軟骨蒜與硬骨蒜間之差異，軟骨蒜中均能很清楚較硬骨蒜中多一條800bp之條帶。一般人認為西螺白葉種（17）及和美白葉（19）為軟骨蒜品種，但經由親緣樹型圖及RAPD分析只能夾到一些約在900－1800bp的核酸片段，無法夾到800bp之片段，所以本研究將其歸屬為第二群硬骨蒜類，但實際上這兩品種系是介於硬骨蒜類和軟骨蒜類之間。

關鍵字

大蒜 ； 遺傳歧異性 ； 品種

並列摘要

This study was attempted to explore the genetic diversities among 26 varieties/line of garlic (Allium sativum L.) obtained in Taiwan. Based on the characteristics of the external morphology, the coefficient of similarity ranged from 0 to 0.85 among the 26 varieties/lines. They also can be divided into two groups depending upon the systemic phylogeny analysis. The first group or soft-neck type, can be divided into two subgroup. The second group is hard-neck type. Big difference in similarity coefficient was observed between Ho-mei-fan (code 32) and any other varieties/lines in this group.Different fragments of nucleic acid for the two groups can be obtained by the primer OPI03 with RAPD method. When the primer OPI03-3 was used for further analysis, the difference between the two groups of soft and hard-types could easily be obtained.One more 800bp strip band of nucleic acid fragments was observed in all soft-neck varieties/lins only. The two varieties, Si-lo-pai-yeh (code 17) and Ho-mei-pai-yeh (code 19) were traditionally considered as soft-neck types. However, based on the results of the systemic phylogeny analysis and RAPD tests, no 800bp band of nucleic acid fragments was obtained, most of nucleic acid was between 900 and 1,800 bp. Therefore, they were considered as hard-neck types in this study, and in reality, they were the varieties in-between the two types.

並列關鍵字

Garlic ； genetic diversity ； RAPD ； Allium sativum