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甜瓜臺南12號之育成
Breeding of a New Muskmelon Variety "Tainan No. 12"
摘要
甜瓜臺南12號為雜交一代品種，屬網紋洋香瓜類型，果肉淺綠色，對洋香瓜白粉病生理小種1具高抗性，並具有極佳的產量。甜瓜臺南12號係以自交系之育成與雜交育種法，選育優良父本與母本，組合完成之雜交F1品種。自民國86引入抗洋香瓜白粉病種原進行試種評估，迄民國92年育成抗洋香瓜白粉病優良自交系，利用此等兼具抗病與優良園藝性狀之自交系與具特色之自交系進行雜交組合，獲得各式抗洋香瓜白粉病之雜交一代品系。其中代號PR27K1優良品系，經過各級試驗比較結果，其田間生長勢良好，栽培容易，植株早生，果實品質優良，低溫忍受性佳，不易裂果，產量高，適合臺灣南部9月中旬～翌年1月中旬播種栽培。櫥架壽命佳，適於儲運通路之要求。甜瓜臺南12號秋冬作與春作平均果重1.5公斤，最大果超過2.6公斤，平均產量3，100公斤／0.1公頃。適於涼溫氣候下以隧道式栽培，中心折光糖度為14～16°Brix，最高值可達18.2°Brix。甜瓜臺南12號於100年6月24日取得中華民國植物品種權（A01119），並於同年9月19日專屬授權移轉予「欣樺種苗貿易有限公司」。新品種的育成有利於減少洋香瓜栽培之藥劑施用頻率，維護生產者、消費者與栽培環境的健康，並可朝向洋香瓜品種在地育種的目標。
並列摘要
A new F1 hybrid muskmelon (Cucumis melo) variety ”Tainan No.12” was released by Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station in 2011. The maternal line WR27 was selected in 2003 from the progenies of a cross made in 1998 between PI 124112 and アールス (summer type). The paternal line KA was obtained in 2003 from the progenies of a F1 commercial variety from Japan. WR27 and KA were crossed in the fall of 2003 to obtain the line PR27K1, i.e. the code number of ”Tainan No. 12” in the breeding process before naming. Due to its superior characteristics in the observation yield trials, line comparison trials, regional trials, local trials, screening for resistance to powdery mildew and shelf-life test, the line PR27K1 was selected and submitted to the committee of naming evaluation for new crop varieties, and finally named ”Tainan No. 12” in early 2010 at the Tainan D.A.R.E.S.. The characteristics of this variety include early maturation, resistant to powdery mildew race 1 (R), medium fruit size with gray-green skin and light-green flesh, higher soluble solids content and longer shelf-life, low fruit cracking rate, oval-round fruit shape with fine and dense nets on the surface. It can also be grown under mild or warm temperature with good quality. This new variety can be grown in low tunnel from autumn to spring in Tainan district. The average weight per fruit is 1.5 kg, and might up to 2.6 kg in warm season. The average soluble solids content is usually14-16 OBrix, and might up to 18.2 OBrix. The yield of ”Tainan No.12” is usually above 3,100 kg/0.1ha. After naming, melon ”Tainan No.12” had successfully completed all the requirements set by Plant Variety Rights Committee on June 24, 2011, and then the Plant Variety Rights was transferred on to ”SING FLOW SEED TRADING CO.,LTD” later on September 19, 2011.