落花生新品種臺南18號之育成

Development of Peanut Cultivar Tainan No.18

陳國憲(K. H. Chen) ； 楊藹華(A. H. Yang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 63期 (2014/06) Pp. 1-19

摘要

落花生新品系「南改系176號」於2011年11月16日通過命名，登記為「臺南18號」。臺南18號係以雜交育種方法育成，母本為NS9717號，父本為NS9405。人工雜交於1999年秋作進行，2000～2002年以混合法進行雜交後代分離與培育及選拔優良單株，2002～2006年進行品系試驗，2007年春作至2008年秋作進行區域試驗，2009年進行栽培試驗。臺南18號屬西班牙型，株型直立，成熟收穫期，春作為播種後120～130天，秋作為100～110天。平均公頃乾莢果產量春作為4,123公斤，秋作為2,527公斤。株高32.9～37.3公分，剝實率春作為72.6%，秋作為69.6%，百莢重142～177公克，千粒重551～652公克，籽粒油份含量49.9～50.5%，蛋白質含量27.8%～28.2%。在田間自然發病情形下，罹銹病及葉斑病的程度，較臺南14號輕微。根據全臺區域試驗資料，進行穩定性分析的結果，臺南18號的乾莢果產量甚為穩定，可在全臺各地栽培。

關鍵字

落花生 ； 品種改良

並列摘要

Peanut cultivar (＂Arachis hypogaea＂ L.) Tainan No.18 is a high-yielding, Spanish-type developed by the Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station (Tainan DARES) in 2012. It was selected by bulk method during 2000 to 2002 from the cross of NS9717 and NS9405 made in the fall crop of 1999. The final single plant selection was made in F5 generation, in the fall crop of 2002. Tainan No.18 was evaluated in a series of trials during 2002 ~ 2006 at the experimental field of Tainan DARES, and at the major peanut production area in Taiwan with the designation NS0343. In addition, Tainan No.18 was further evaluated in regional yield trial around the island during 2007 ~ 2008 for its yield potential and stability with the designation of Nan-Kai-Si 176. Peanut Tainan No.18 is an early maturing cultivar and required approximately 120 to 130 days and 100 to 110 days to mature, respectively, in the spring and the fall environments in Taiwan. The average dry pod yield of Tainan No.18 is 4,123 kg/ha in the spring crop and 2,527 kg/ha in the fall crop. The plant height of Tainan No.18 is about 32.9 to 37.3 cm, shelling percentage is about 69.6% to 72.6%, hundred-pod weight is about 142 to 177g, and thousand-kernel weight is about 551 to 652 g. Seeds of Tainan No.18 contain 49.9 to 50.5% oil and 27.8% to 28.2% crude protein, depending upon the growing environments. Tainan No.18 has significantly differed from the commercial cultivars Tainan No.14, in resistance to foliar diseases, leaf spot. According to a series field of trials, Tainan No.18 can be grown around the island.

並列關鍵字

Peanut (＂Arachis hypogaea＂ L. ) ； Varietal Improvement