臺南地區水稻品種氮肥利用效率比較

Research of Nitrogen Efficiency by Rice Varieties in Tainan

江汶錦(W. J. Jiang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 63期 (2014/06) Pp. 59-72

摘要

對臺南地區水稻產量、氮肥與氮肥平方迴歸分析，方程式的R2＝0.73～0.92，當氮肥施用量為215～230 kg/ha時，有最高乾穀產量7,390～9,420 kg/ha。因試驗地點後壁與佳里二地區之土壤性質差異頗大，包含水稻專業區與二期作休耕區，所推估的方程式應可套用於臺南地區水稻的產量與氮肥用量之關係，在不考慮病蟲害防治經費狀況下，以氮肥肥料單價$25 /kg，乾穀收購價$25 /kg估算，則以氮肥用量210 kg/ha，可達最高經濟效益，較施用氮肥150 kg/ha者，每公頃收入增加6,930～6,210元，較施用氮肥270 kg/ha者，每公頃收入增加3,510～7,470元。依據基礎產量與初期氮肥利用率數據，可用來推薦臺南地區適栽的品種，因臺農84號已不列入公糧收購品種，所以稉稻方面，臺南地區建議以臺南11號，秈稻以臺中秈17號為主。

關鍵字

氮肥施用量 ； 合理化施肥 ； 水稻 ； 產量

並列摘要

In Tainan area, regression analysis of rice yield, with nitrogen and nitrogen- squares showed that R2 is between 0.73 and 0.92. As nitrogen fertilizer rates at 215 ~ 230 kg/ha, the highest dryyield were 7,390 ~ 9,420 kg/ha. Different propenties was found in Hou-bi and Jia-li area with different cultivated area (rice only area and fallow area). The estimated equation should be applied as the relationship between yield and nitrogen fertilizer vale in Tainan area. Assumed the nitrogen fertilizer price is $25 /kg, rice purchase price is $25 /kg, and the application rate of 210 kg N/ ha would have more benefits than those of 150 kg N/ha (increased $ 6,930 /ha ~ $ 6,210 /ha) and 270 kg N/ha (increased $3,510 /ha ~ $7,470 /ha). Base on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency, a suitable rice varieties could be recommended for Tainan area. Because TA-84 is not included in the acquisition of public grain varieties, so the recommended japonica varieties is TN-11, and the recommended indica varieties is TCG-17.

並列關鍵字

Nitrogen Fertilizer ； Reasonable Fertilization ； Rice ； Yield