苞舌蘭無菌播種與微體繁殖技術之研究

Asymbiotic seed germation and micropropagation of Spathoglottis

胡文若(Hu, W. J.) ； 陳俊仁(C. J. Chen)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 70期 (2017/12) Pp. 33-45

摘要

本研究利用植物組織培養技術進行苞舌蘭的種苗繁殖，以協助品種授權及推廣工作之進行。苞舌蘭種子發芽速度和發芽率以全量MS較1/2 MS及花寶1號培養基快且多，小苗葉色最綠，半量MS和花寶1號培養基的小苗在播種兩至三個月後，葉片較為黃綠，但差異不大。發芽後3個月大的實生苗培養於MS配方培養基6週後有最重的地上部鮮、乾重，而地下部鮮、乾重則是以培養於花寶1號培養基的小苗最重，培養於MS培養基最低。花寶4號不適合苞舌蘭小苗生長，造成實生苗褐化死亡。以側芽作為起始材料可以成功建立苞舌蘭微體繁殖體系，BA 4 ppm 誘導苞舌蘭臺南1號增殖的芽體數和新梢數最多，分別為7.1個和6.1個。而苞舌蘭臺南2號則以BA 4 ppm誘導增殖的芽體數最多，有3.1個，但新梢數則以BA6 ppm的培養基最多，為5.8個。在添加活性碳的培養基上芽體可以自然發根，馴化培養不需添加任何生物性材料或生長素。本研究繁殖之苞舌蘭臺南1號及臺南2號優良微體繁殖苗已出瓶並培育至開花，並無變異發生，其性狀與母株相同，可視為穩定的繁殖體系。現有技術：難以建立苞舌蘭微體繁殖系統，瓶內無菌播種發芽率低下且不易由已開花的成熟植株建立營養繁殖體系，培養基需添加椰子水或香蕉泥等植物成分。創新內容：提供高效率、大量、整齊且生長勢強的苞舌蘭營養系繁殖方式，培養基不需要添加植物性成分。對產業影響：應用於苞舌蘭新品種臺南1號及臺南2號推廣及優良種苗繁殖，供應炎熱氣候下庭園綠美化的新選擇，同時避免人為採擷造成生態的破壞。

關鍵字

苞舌蘭 ； 微體繁殖 ； 無菌播種 ； 植株再生

並列摘要

This study is attempted to develop a plant tissue culture technique for variety delegation and extension of Spathoglottis. The seed germinated faster and more on MS medium than those on 1/2 MS or HYPONeX^® No.1. After 2-3 months, the seedlings were green on the MS medium while those on 1/2 MS and HYPONeX^® No.1 were yellow green. When the 3-month-old seedlings were planted for 6 weeks on MS medium or HYPONeX^® No.1, the former seedlings were found with better top fresh and dry weight but the latter was found with better root weight. Browning seedlings were found on the HYPONeX^® No.4. Micropropagation system of Spathoglottis was established by the use of lateral buds as the initial material. Spathoglottis 'Tainan No.1' was found with 7.1 buds and 6.1 shoots respectively after 7 weeks cultured on 4 ppm of BA. For 'Tainan No.2.', 3.1 buds were found on 4 ppm of BA, while most of 5.8 shoots were found with 6 ppm of BA. Roots developed well on the medium containing activated charcoal. It was not necessary to put additional plant growth regulators. Spathoglottis Tainan No.1 and No.2 were successfully propagated by this method and then planted to bloom, no variation was observed. This is a reliable propagated system for Spathoglottis. What is already known on this subject? The previous researches failed to provide the effective system of Spathoglottis micropropagation including asymbiotic seed germination and mass clonal propagation from mature flowering plants. What are the new findings? This study established an effective system of Spathoglottis micropropagation including asymbiotic seed germination and mass clonal propagation from mature flowering plants. The germination medium need no vegetable mixtures, such as, coconut water, banana pulp or patato homogenate added. What is the expected impact on this field? The technologies can be used in the propagation and extension of Spathoglottis 'Tainan No.1'and 'Tainan No.2'. The plantlets provide another choices to the garden decoration and avoide the impacting from human collection.

並列關鍵字

Spathoglottis ； Micropropagation ； Asymbiotic seed germination ； Plant regeneration