連續輸送式花椰菜分切機之研究

Study on continuously-conveyed machine for broccoli or cauliflower floret

李健(Li, Chien) ； 鍾瑞永(J. Y. Chung) ； 鄭榮瑞(J. J. Cheng)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 71期 (2018/06) Pp. 84-94

摘要

由於急速冷凍設備及冷鏈物流產業的成熟，目前臺灣及全球冷凍青(白)花椰菜小花的生產規模正逐步增加，這些產業有助於舒緩產地盛產時的產銷壓力，並且能透過外銷或不同季節的販售進一步提升所加工產品的附加價值。透過與國外現有機臺採用的機構技術相互比較，本研究提出一種具有低成本且構造簡單的小花分切及菜莖分離整合刀座設計，應用此機構設計的機臺已售予臺灣冷凍蔬果廠進行作業生產，其單臺能有效節省人工6至7人。現有技術：傳統完全以人工作業，近年來引進國外連續輸送式花椰菜分切機採用的小花切割及菜莖分離技術需要兩道分開的機構動作來完成，其採用連桿同步機構設計前端單人舒適置放速度約每分30次。其設計帶來成本高且體積龐大的問題；此外亦有置放後花椰菜易傾倒問題，且無不同尺寸刀具替換設計。創新內容：我們獨創一種切割及分離的整合設計，其機構上精簡且成本低，應用此技術的連續輸送式花椰菜分切機台可解決國外機台固有的問題，且具有售價便宜且體積精巧的優點。對產業影響：能有效降低臺灣冷凍花菜產業的分切作業人力，並且已應用到冷凍蔬果廠的實際生產製作。許多業者未來願意購買應用此新技術的機台。

關鍵字

急速冷凍 ； 青花菜 ； 白花椰菜 ； 小花分切 ； 連續輸送式

並列摘要

The scale of frozen broccoli industries is common in Taiwan and worldwide. Due to the advancement of ultrafast freezing technology and cold-chain transportation, it is increasing with time. These industries can relief the pressure of over-production in peak-season of local agriculture and leverage the value itself by exporting to other country or resell in other seasons. This article describes the development of relatively low-cost machine for edible florets cutting and stem-cores separation of broccoli to solve the lack of labor force in this industry in Taiwan. The comparison of this machine to the others developed abroad has been made. This novel machine can save labor of around 6 to 7 persons. What is already known on this subject? The imported floret machine for broccoli or cauliflower utilizes two separate actions to cut florets and separate stem-cores, and use mechanical linkages to synchronize all the motions. It has two serious problems of high cost and oversize. It does not consider the designs of anti-tilt racks and exchangeable knife sets. What are the new findings? We propose and verify the design of compactly-integrated cutting and separation mechanism, and the design of anti-tilt rack; a cost-effective, reliable and adaptable floret machine can be provided based on this novel design of mechanism. What is the expected impact on this field? It has been proofed to be able to solve the lack of labor force in this industry in Taiwan through the large-scale test in whole producing season. Some companies are willing to adopt the machine due to the novel design.

並列關鍵字

continuously-conveyed ； broccoli ； cauliflower ； floret machine ； ultrafast freezing