提升夏季設施小果番茄生產效率之研究

The study on the improvement of greenhouse cherry tomato production during summer

許涵鈞(Hsu, H. C.) ； 劉依昌(E .C. Liu) ； 楊藹華(A. H. Yang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 72期 (2018/12) Pp. 32-40

摘要

本研究探討利用遮陰、地表覆蓋及不同內循環風扇改善簡易設施內小果番茄生長環境，提高夏季設施小果番茄之產量與品質。研究結果顯示內遮陰對於設施內降溫效果並不明顯，在無內遮陰處理下，設施內溫度於七月份最高達可達46.4℃。在綠色遮陰網配合白色地表覆蓋能提高產量40%，以綠色遮陰網配合地表無覆蓋提高產量30%，銀色遮陰網配合地表白色覆蓋提高產量34%。糖度表現則以綠色遮陰網配合白色地表覆蓋(7.2 °Brix)及銀色遮陰網配合地表白色覆蓋(7.4 °Brix)明顯優於對照組(6.5 °Brix)。評估垂直型內循環風扇於小果番茄生產之利用，結果顯示溫室內微氣候與慣行水平方向內循環風扇無顯著差異，但著果率顯著高於慣行內循環風扇約19%。現有技術：臺灣設施小果番茄栽培面積約有800公頃，以簡易防雨塑膠布搭配側捲揚為主，高溫期設施內積熱無法有效排除，為設施小果番茄生產主要瓶頸。創新內容：本研究評估設施內遮陰及地面覆蓋對小果番茄夏季栽培之影響，結果顯示遮陰配合地面覆蓋有助提高產量與品質。評估垂直型通風扇於小果番茄設施栽培之應用，結果顯示對設施內微氣候無影響。對產業影響：配合適當栽培管理，期能推廣於農民使用，以達延長產期增加收益之目的。

關鍵字

小果番茄 ； 循環風扇 ； 遮陰 ； 地面覆蓋 ； 簡易設施

並列摘要

In this study we evaluated the effect of shading, ground cover and using circular fans on the quality and yield of cherry tomato in the greenhouse during summer. The results showed that the yield of cherry tomato was increased about 40% under green net screen shading plus white ground covering, 35% under silver screen shading without ground covering and 34% under silver screen shading plus white ground covering. The average sugar content of green net screen shading plus white ground covering treatment was 7.2 °Brix and silver screen shading with white ground covering was 7.4 °Brix. The two treatments had higher Brix than that of the control (6.5 °Brix). However, compared to un-shading, the inside temperature was lower by 1.8ºC under silver screen shading and 0.8°C under green net. It indicated that the cooling effect was limited under inner shading only. The micro-climate in the greenhouse also showed no significant difference between horizontal and vertical circulation fans. However, the fruit setting rate increased by 19% in the greenhouse with vertical circulation. What is already known on this subject? There are about 800 hectare of greenhouse tomato in Taiwan. Plastic facility with side curtain is the most popular greenhouse type for cherry tomato production. How to remove the heat in the greenhouse during warm season is the key point for production in the greenhouse. What are the new findings? In this study we evaluated the effect of inner shading with ground covering and vertical circulation fans on the production of cherry tomato. According to the results, the inner shading with white ground cover showed improvement in quality and yield in summer. What is the expected impact on this field? The yield can be increased under inner shading with white ground covering in warm season for tomato production in the greenhouse.

並列關鍵字

Tomato ； Circulation Fan ； Inner Shading ； Ground Cover ； Plastic Greenhouse