甜玉米臺南27號之育成與品種特性

Breeding and characteristics of a new sweet corn variety 'Nan DARES No.27'

游添榮(Yu, T. J.) ； 詹雅勛(Y. S. Jan) ； 王培珊(P. S. Wang) ； 詹碧蓮(B. L. Jan) ； 謝禮臣(L. S. Hsieh)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 74期 (2019/12) Pp. 14-26

摘要

甜玉米臺南27號為單雜交品種，品系代號為PFHC105-1049（南育27號）。104年進行雜交品系的育成試驗，105年春作進行雜交品系特殊組合力檢定試驗，105年秋作進行新品系比較試驗。106年至107年在雲林縣土庫鎮、嘉義縣朴子市及臺南市西港區進行新品系地方試驗及田間病蟲害調查工作。106年秋作進行氮肥試驗、栽培密度試驗、鮮果穗官能品評試驗。107年進行資料整理。臺南27號屬中晚熟品種。其開花期及成熟期隨氣溫之變化而異，自播種至開花期在春作約為55～58天，秋作約54～60天。採收期春作72～88天，平均80天；秋作84～96天，平均約88天。採收適期在春作約為吐絲後22～24天，秋作約24～28天可採收。臺南27號植株性狀整齊，豐產及適應性廣，風味口感俱佳，鮮果穗籽粒顏色為黃色和白色。春作的含苞葉鮮穗產量約15,620公斤／公頃，秋作的含苞葉鮮穗產量約20,560公斤／公頃。比華珍增產約4至15%。鮮穗苞葉不易黃化，果穗籽粒充實飽滿，籽粒不易皺縮，且品質優良。現有技術：目前台灣栽培的黃白雙色甜玉米品種，多為國外進口，不耐高溫潮濕的環境。較易罹患葉斑病。創新內容：甜玉米臺南27號具豐產及適應性廣，耐高溫潮濕且不易罹患葉斑病，風味口感佳的優點。對產業影響：新品種的產量高，抗倒伏及植株強健，耐病蟲害。其鮮穗苞葉不易黃化，果穗籽粒充實飽滿，籽粒不易皺縮，且品質優良，可提高農民收益。

關鍵字

甜玉米 ； 單雜交品種 ； 臺南27號 ； 臺灣

並列摘要

Sweet corn variety Nan DARES No.27 is a single cross hybrid. Its code No. is PFHC105- 1049. Single cross was made in 2015. Specific combining test was made in spring crop, 2016. Preliminary yield trails were made in fall, 2016. Regional yield trails and pest surveys were made at Tuku, Yulin; Potze, Chiayi and Xinkang, Tainan in 2017 and 2018. Nitrgen fertilizer tests, density experiments and sensory evaluated test of ears were made in fall, 2017. The variety was named Nan DARES No.27 and released by the Tainan DARES in 2018. The variety is medium to late maturing. Flowering and maturing days varied in different temperature and seasons. From sowing to flowering was 55 ~ 58 days for spring crop and 54 ~ 60 days for fall crop. Sowing to harvesting was 72 ~ 88 days for spring crop and 84 ~ 96 days for fall crop. The best harvesting time was 22 ~ 24 days after silking for spring crop and 24 ~ 28 days for fall crop. The characteristics of Nan DARES NO.27 was found with uniform type, high yielding, good adaptability, good eating quality. The fresh ear yield was 15,260 kg/ha for spring crop and 20,560 kg/ha for fall crop. It is 4 ~ 15% more than that of the control variety Hwachen. Fresh husks can stay green longer, kernels are full and greats in good. It can be eidely grown in Yulin, Chiyi and Tainan areas. What is already known on this subject? The bicolor sweet corn varieties cultivated in Taiwan are mostly imported from abroad and are not suitable for high temperature and humidity environment. More susceptible to southern leaf blight disease. What are the new findings? Sweet corn Nan DARES No.27 has high fresh ear yield and good adaptability to high temperature and humidity environment, and is not easy to suffer from southern leaf blight disease. What is the expected impact on this field? The new varieties have high yield, lodging resistance and strong plants, and are resistant to pests and diseases. The husk is not easy to yellow, the kernels are not easy to shrink, and the eating quality is good. It can increase farmers' income.

並列關鍵字

Sweet corn ； Single cross variety ； Nan DARES No.27 ； Taiwan