甘藍適刨絲用品種篩選及其肥培管理之研究

甘藍為我國蔬菜價格之重要指標作物，也為重要外銷蔬菜之一。本研究針對「2020年截切用甘藍引入品種春作評估」之入選品種及慣行對照品種，於同年進行秋作品種比較，並於2021年春作比較以不同肥料施用方法、種類及用量對產量與品質之影響。結果顯示，單球重於供試品種間差異不顯著，其他葉球性狀則以’豐田622’表現最佳，其內徑長度比低且結球緊度高；刨絲用性狀結果顯示，對照品種‘麥綠1號’及試驗品種‘豐田622’之失重率最低，分別為2.0%及2.2%，硬度分別為8.7和9.1 kg/cm^2，是較具發展潛力的刨絲用甘藍品種。省工一次施肥評估結果顯示，春作5種品種皆以每0.1公頃一次施用臺肥4號有機質複合肥100公斤具有較佳單球重。本研究結果可供加工業界應用之依據。現有技術：2020年評選45個品種於雲林晚春溫暖環境栽培，評估田間產量及切絲後失重率，並於採收後冷藏二個月進行耐貯性評估，評選出‘豐田622’兼具低頂燒率、低切絲損失率及耐貯性。創新內容：導入不同肥料施肥量與施肥模式，進行甘藍葉球性狀與品質性狀調查分析，篩選出刨絲用潛力品種，並確認適合之省工一次施肥方式在甘藍生產之應用成效。對產業影響：提供甘藍刨絲用潛力品種，並提供省工施肥管理建議，可供加工用甘藍產業直接應用。

關鍵字

截切蔬菜；沙拉；一次施肥

並列摘要

Cabbage is an important indication crop vegetable in Taiwan. It is also an important crop for export. In this study, the cultivars selected from the project "Assessment of cabbage varieties for spring harvest in 2020" plus the conventional cultivars were grown in the autumn of 2020 to compare their heading characteristics. In the spring of 2021, the effects of different application methods, types, and dosages of fertilizers on the yield and quality were investigated. Resulted indicated that no difference was observed single head of test cultivars. For other characteristics as Po-Yu 622 performed the best leaf head among all cultivars. This varity was found with a low inner diameter to length ratio and high head tightness, which improve the yield of processed shreddings. Among the traits for shredding, the control variety Mailu No. 1 and the test cultivar Po-Yu 622 had the lowest weight loss of 2.0% and 2.2%, and the hardness 8.7 and 9.1 kg/cm^2, respectively. They are the cabbage cultivars with more potential for development. In addition, the five test cultivars were all applied with No. 4 organic compound fertilizer at a dosage of 100 kg per 0.1 hectares, which had better performance of head. The relevant results can be used for reference in the industry. What is already known on this subject? In 2020, 45 varieties were selected for cultivation in the warm environment in Yunlin in late spring. The yield, weight loss rate after shredding, and storage stability were evaluated. "Po-Yu 622" was regarded as a good candidate for salad cabbage with low tipburn rate, low shredded weight loss, and long storage life. What are the new findings? The effects of different fertilization amounts and fertilization methods on the characteristics were studied and analyzed. Screen the potential cultivars and provide corresponding cultivation and management suggestions. Confirm the application effect of one-time fertilization in cabbage cultivation. What is the expected impact on this field? Provide potential cultivars, labor-saving fertilization, and management suggestions to processors.

並列關鍵字

Shredded Vegetable ； Salad ； Fertilization once

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