水稻新品種臺南20號之育成

Breeding of a Japonica rice variety 'Nandares No.20'

楊智哲(Yang, C. C.) ； 陳榮坤(R. K. Chen) ； 吳炳奇(B. C. Wu) ； 劉祐廷(Y. T. Liu) ； 許龍欣(L. H. Hsu)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 80期 (2022/12) Pp. 1-18

摘要

水稻品種臺南20號（t No.20, TN20）係由臺南區農業改良場於2022年6月命名的低直鏈澱粉優質香米品種，平均生育日數在第一期作為123天，第二期作為108天，高級試驗平均每公頃稻穀產量在第一期作為8,013 kg，第二期作為6,203 kg，其生育日數與對照品種臺稉9號相近，稻穀產量高於對照品種臺稉9號。臺南20號具有低直鏈澱粉特性，米粒大，白米呈現半透明有如牛奶般的外觀，米飯帶有淡雅的香味，口感柔軟Q彈，冷飯口感更佳，稻穀耐貯藏性佳，抗葉稻熱病且脫粒率適中，適合機械收穫等特色；本品種耐寒性稍差，一期作切勿早植，二期作應避免晚植。此外，本品種對於白葉枯病、紋枯病、稻飛蝨等病蟲害抗性不穩定，應注意適時防治。預期新品種將有利於友善栽培之特色生產，對持續提昇我國稻米品質、建立本土稻米品牌及增加農民收益等方面均有所助益，強化我國稻米產業競爭力。現有技術：現有低直鏈澱粉水稻品種臺南14號，在特色米消費市場頗受歡迎，但穀粒較小，對稻熱病抗性及抗倒伏性仍欠理想。創新內容：水稻臺南20號具有低直鏈澱粉特性，口感軟黏，冷飯Q彈，且具有穀粒大、抗葉稻熱病、米飯有淡雅香氣等特色。對產業影響：預期可提昇我國稻米品質、建立本土稻米品牌及增加農民收益等方面均有所助益，可強化我國稻米產業競爭力。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 臺南20號 ； 低直鏈澱粉 ； 育種

並列摘要

Nandares No.20 (TN20), a japonica rice variety, was named and released in June, 2022. In the advanced yield trials, the growth duration of this variety in the first and second crop season were 123 and 108 days, and with an average grain yield of 8,013 kg ha-1 and 3,612 kg ha-1, respectively. TN20 has the characteristics of low amylase, larger grain size, and white rice has a translucent milk-like appearance. The taste of rice is soft, elastic with light fragrance, especially cold rice. TN20 also possessed low grain sprouting on-panicle and is suitable for mechanical harvesting, and highly resistant to rice leaf blast disease [Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.], but is susceptible to panicle blast, bacterial leaf blight [Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae (Ishiyama) Swings et al..], sheath blight [Thanatephorus cucumeris A.B. (Grank) Donk] and planthopper [Nilaparvata lugens (Stal)]. Therefore, timely prevention practices during cultivation is necessary. On the other hand, TN20 is sensitive to cold temperature at maturity stage, it is suggested that the transplanting time be early in the second crop season to avoid chilling damage. This variety can increase the competitiveness of rice industry in Taiwan. What is already known on this subject? The current low-amylose rice variety Nandares No.14 is very popular in the rice consumption market, but the grain size is small, and the resistance to rice blast and lodging are still unsatisfactory. What are the new findings? Nandares No.20 has the characteristics of low amylose, soft and sticky taste, great cold rice taste, and has the characteristics of large grain, resistance to rice leaf blast, and elegant aroma of rice. What is the expected impact on this field? This variety can increase the competitiveness of rice industry in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Japonica rice ； Nandares No.20 ； Breeding ； Low amylose