自然史博物館在全球變遷下的挑戰與作為

Challenges and Perspectives: The Natural History Museum in Response to Global Changes

謝英宗(Ying-Tzung Shieh)

《國立臺灣博物館學刊》 63卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 41-57

摘要

全球暖化使極端氣候常態化，傳統自然史博物館的典藏功能，在臺灣這種海島型脆弱的生態系統中，已無法應付眼前保存生物多樣性的挑戰和需求。自然史博物館除了既有的任務外，應積極發揮其既有的教育功能，才不致在全球維護生物多樣性的浪潮中被邊緣化，並透過國際博物館間典藏複份標本的交換，增加物種保存的安全性，利用網際網路資訊傳遞的便利性，廣泛的將本土化的區域性資訊和問題在國際間流通，並透過與其他相關機構的分工合作，才能達到事半功倍的效果。除此之外。博物館工作者更有責任，一但有機會就必須起而力行以身作責，以更好的方式來處理日常的運作，讓自然史博物館扮演好守護地球的角色，以達到永績的發展。

關鍵字

自然史博物館 ； 生物多樣性 ； 全球暖化 ； 永續發展

並列摘要

The prospect of climate changes and increasingly extreme weather has made the function of natural history museums worldwide all the more important. The role of such museums in archiving pre sent day examples of biodiversity is challenging and this challenge is only likely to increase into the future , especially in the case of Taiwan where preservation of the existing fragile island ecosystems are under threat from industrialization, agricultural practices, extreme weather events and other natural disasters. Natural history museum s play an essential role in educating the public on the importance of maintaining biodiversity. In Taiwan, there is a need for better preservation of collections and collection security through exchange of duplicate specimens, information transfer and sharing by exploiting the many advantages of the Internet, discussion forums on a wide range of regional and local problems as they relate to biodiversity, and effective division of labor among relevant agencies to improve resource allocation and efficiency of budgets. In addition, museum staff need to be trained and kept aware of issues relating to biodiversity so as they can act more responsibly. Finally, the viability and sustainability of natural history museums depends on how well they are run on a day-to-day basis. All the above considerations are important for natural history museums to continue in their essential function as preservers and educators of our natural history. Public awareness of the threats to biodiversity and the role biodiversity play s in maintaining balanced ecosystems is highly necessary if, as a society, we wish to leave a planet rich in biological diversity for coming generations.

並列關鍵字

natural history museum ； biodiversity ； global warming ； sustainable development

參考文獻

Saraswat, S.K.(2009).New Roles and Challenges: Development of Eco-museum in Asia-a Neo-natural History Museum Perspective.Proceedings of the International Symposium for the 100th Anniversary of National Taiwan Museum.(Proceedings of the International Symposium for the 100th Anniversary of National Taiwan Museum).

維基百科http://zh.wikipedia.org

Dorfman, E.J.(2009).The Sustainable Museum: A Global Review.Proceedings of the International Symposium for the 100th Anniversary of National Taiwan Museum.(Proceedings of the International Symposium for the 100th Anniversary of National Taiwan Museum).

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http://mypaper.pchome.com.tw/nakamaa66/post/1321146363