台灣北部地區水稻育苗中心秧苗病害管理技術之評估

Assessment of Seedling Disease Management for the First Crop Rice Nursery Centers in the North of Taiwan

黃益田(Yih-Tyang Huang) ； 楊相國(S. K. Young)

《桃園區農業改良場研究報告》 11期 (1992/12) Pp. 47-55

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.199212.0004

摘要

為評估本省北部地區水稻育苗中心之秧苗病害管理技術，於七十九及八十年第一期作秧苗期共抽樣調查73個育苗中心。調查其育苗作業體系包括稻穀處理、苗土處理、播種一貫作業、苗箱堆積作業、秧苗綠化作業等。結果顯示：穀與藥之比為1:1者達90.7%；消毒時間達24小時者佔74.55%；比重選實施率平均僅為1.15%，選種作業極不理想。種子消毒使用撲克拉者達90.7%，97.2%之育苗中心不知消毒時之藥液溫度。消毒後陰乾者僅佔35.95%，浸種之水95%以上為停滯狀態。有64.3%之育苗中心採用混合土育苗，土壤消毒多採用依得利及殺紋寧，也有一些非推廣之土壤添加劑。藥液灌注有70.2%在播種後實施。有83.75%之育苗中心不按推薦方法堆積苗箱。防冷害之綠化場管理有70%之育苗中心亦未採用隧道式棚架覆蓋，採直接覆蓋塑膠布之管理方式。綜合而言，本區育苗中心管理方式有差異。

關鍵字

苗病害 ； 管理技術 ； 評估

並列摘要

An investigation was conducted to evaluate the disease management technology for rice seedling diseases currently used in the first crop rice nursery centers in the north of Taiwan. Seventy three rice nursery centers were visited and their seedling raising system including procedures for seed and soil treatments, nursery-tray piling practice, and practice for seedling greening were studied during the seedling stage of the first crop for 1980 and 1981. Investigations showed that the method for seed selection was generally neglected; only 1.15% of centers employed the standared method selected by specific gravity. Prochloraz was used for seed tredtment in 90.7% of centers. About 97.7% of centers also neglected the water and air temperatures during seed treatment. Only 39.95% of centers dried the seeds after soaking. Soil and rice hull mixtures were widely used for tray- nuseries which were sterilized either with Hymexazol or Terrazole by drenching. However, it was found that some of the centers applied micro-elements as soil amendment to promote the seedling survivals. There were 83.75% of centers missed in nursery-tray piling for pregermination. About 70% of centers employed tunnel type covering with pvc film for seedling greening in protection against cold.

並列關鍵字

Assessment ； Seedling disease management ； Rice nursery centers