網室蔬菜土棲有害生物之綜合防治研究

Studies on the Integrated Control of Vegetable Soil Pests in the Plastic House

施錫彬(Hsi-Pin Shih) ； 李寶煌(P. H. Lee)

《桃園區農業改良場研究報告》 26期 (1996/09) Pp. 40-49

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.199609.0002

摘要

網室設施種植十字花科和其他小葉菜類蔬菜，經於83及84年間調查危害蔬菜土棲有害生物有黃條葉蚤、番茄斑潛蠅、小地老虎、蔬菜跳蟲、猿葉蟲、扁蝸牛、錐實螺及蛞蝓等害蟲。其中以白菜受害最甚，其次為萵苣。黃條葉蚤、潛蠅於高溫乾旱期大發生，防治方法為種植前先行淹水48小時，可有效降低土中幼蟲數。配合清園、浸水以及黃色粘蟲板之非農藥防治方法，可有效控制黃條葉蚤、斑潛蠅之危害。番茄斑潛蠅藥劑試驗篩選結果，以2%阿巴汀乳劑稀釋1000倍及75%賽滅淨可濕性粉劑稀釋5000倍防治效果最佳。蔬菜跳蟲、扁蝸牛、錐實螺主要發生期在4－10月，以梅雨季節發生最厲。錐實螺主要危害剛萌芽之蔬菜苗。軟體動物防治以聚乙醛粒劑或稻草灰撒佈於設施周圍可有效阻擋其進入。

關鍵字

土棲有害物 ； 綜合防治 ； 非農藥防治 ； 農藥防治 ； 網室蔬菜

並列摘要

The cruciferous vegetables cultivated and other leafy vegetables in the plastic house were found damaged by soil pests, such as Phyllotreta striolata, Liriomyza bryoniae, Austropeplea alleluia, Limacella agrestisurarians, Phaedon brassicae, Agrotis ypsilon and Bradybaena similaris. Pai-tasi was the most seriously damaged by soil pests, followed by lettuce. The population of P. striolats and L. bryoniae reached a peak during high temperature and dry season. Soil flooding for 48 hours before sowing completely killed larvae and pupae of the beetle in the soil. An integrated insect pest control by removing the debris of previous crop, setting yellow sticky boards and soil flooding before sowing were then established for short-growing cruciferous vegetables under the plastic house conditions. The results obtained from the field trials indicated that 2% Abamectin EC 1000 × and 75% Cyrimazine WP 5000 × were highly effective to control L. bryoniae. The peak of population of Hypogastura armata and snail were during the period from April to October. They were most serious on raining seasion. The snail damaged was mainly on the seedling leaf of vegetables. The insecticides such as 6% Metaldehyde G. and rice ashes treatment surrounding the plastic house were found to be effective aginst the molluscs.

並列關鍵字

Soil pests ； Intergated control ； Non-chemical control ； Chemical control ； Vegetable