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水稻耐寒性檢定試驗
Testing for Cold-Tolerance of Rice Varieties
摘要
為檢定本省各試驗場所優良雜交後代之耐寒性，以作為選拔之參考及育種親本材料，於1994年及1995年共四期作在海拔500 m之新竹縣五峰鄉進行試驗。結果顯示，在1994年第一期作直播後30天內之平均溫度約在14.5˚C，平均最高溫度為17.3˚C，平均最低溫度為11.9˚C；1995年第一期作，平均溫度為12.5˚C，平均最高溫度為14.7˚C，平均最低溫度為9.8˚C。由於試驗期間氣溫皆相當低，因此，各參試品系（種）間對低溫之反應等級非常顯著。第二期作之檢定工作，主要在孕穗期至抽穗開花期間，若抽穗期在10月上、中旬，其耐寒性等級大部分屬於抗級和中抗級，尤其是種型稻大部分屬抗級和中抗級。1995年，台秈育3955號之抽穗期在10月4日，其耐寒性呈抗級。若抽穗期在11月上旬時，因氣候主要受鋒面及東北季風的影響，氣溫下降，導致此時抽穗之台粳育品系屬感級，而台秈育品系之抽穗期大部分在11月上、中旬，其耐寒性等級皆屬感級和極感級。
並列摘要
To identify as a parents of cross for rice breeding, the test the rice accession and progeny lines of cross breeding for cold-tolerance was conducted at Wufeon (500 meters height above sea level) from 1994 to 1995. Results indicated that the local mean temperature of the first crop was 14.5˚C during the 30 days after direct seeding in 1994. The lines or/and accession could be classified into resistant (R), mid-resistant (MR), mid-susceptible (MS), susceptible (S) and high- susceptible (HS) grade significantly, due to from the cold front.In the second crop the tested program is monitored from booting stage to heading stage. The period always suffered from cold front and north-east monsoon. The low temperature and strong wind during the heading stage adversely affected pollination and fertility. Results indicated that the most japonica-type lines fell in R or MR grade. However, the most indica-type lines were rated as S grade except Taisen Yu 3955 which heading time was on October 4th, that could avoid low temperatures.