蝴蝶蘭品種染色體數及型態分析

Analysis on Chromosome Number and Morphology of Phalaenopsis Varieties

葉志新(Chih-Hsing Yeh) ； 廖芳心(Fang-Shin Liao) ； 鄭隨和(Shui-Ho Cheng)

《桃園區農業改良場研究彙報》 69期 (2011/06) Pp. 47-58

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.201106.0005

摘要

本研究目的為分析蝴蝶蘭品種之染色體數及染色體類型，以提供蝴蝶蘭雜交育種時選擇親本之依據。試驗以酵素法分解蝴蝶蘭根尖細胞壁，經DAPI（4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindol）染劑染色後觀察染色體，目前完成83個蝴蝶蘭品種（系）之分析，結果顯示二倍體（2n=2x=38）品種（系）有9個、三倍體（2n=3x=57）有17個及四倍體（2n=4x=76）有57個，而未觀察到五倍體以上之品種（系）。另外，不同品種（系）的染色體大小及型態具有多樣性，其中大白花、部分紅花及小花類共有43個品種染色體屬於小型染色體，另外黃花、蠟質花及朵麗蝶系統的品種共有40個，除了有小型染色體外還有中或大型染色體。

關鍵字

蝴蝶蘭 ； 染色體型態 ； 倍體數

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to analyze somatic chromosome number and morphology of Phalaenopsis varieties, and to provide the basis knowledge of breeding parent selection. After the cell walls of root tip were degraded with enzymes, a total of 83 Phalaenopsis hybrids were examined. The result showed that 9 varieties were diploid (2n = 38), 17 were triploid (2n = 57) and 57 were tetraploid (2n = 76), but no pentaploid and higher other polyploid was observed. In addition, the chromosome length and morphology showed diversity among different hybrids. Forty-tree varieties including with big white flowers, some with red flowers and with small flowers, consisted of small chromosomes only. In the other 40 varieties including with yellow flowers, with waxy flowers and with Doritaenopsis relationship flowers, medium and big chromosomes were also observed besides the small ones.

並列關鍵字

Phalaenopsis ； Chromosome morphology ； Ploidy