北部地區農田土壤肥力概況分析

The Report of Farmland Soil Fertility in Northern Area

湯雪溶(Hsueh-Jung Tang)

《桃園區農業改良場研究彙報》 86期 (2019/12) Pp. 29-38

摘要

本研究主要目的是透過資料庫數據分析，瞭解北部地區農田土壤肥力概況，提升作物產量與品質，協助農民解決栽培作物之土壤肥力管理問題。本場長期免費提供農田土壤、灌溉水及植體分析等樣品檢測服務，並協助解決土壤肥力不均或針對需改良之部分提出改善建議。2015－2018年農民送至本場進行土壤肥力與作物營養診斷分析件數共計21,892件，其中申請土壤樣品分析占總件數之63.6%為最多，其次為堆肥分析占總件數15.3%，再其次為灌溉水質分析占總件數13.1%，申請件數最少之分析項目為介質，只占全部樣品數的1.8%。除2018年外，強酸性土壤pH≤5.5者呈現逐年下降趨勢，土壤有機質含量≥30 g kg^(-1)者均逾70%，另土壤電導度值≥0.6 dS m^(-1)者有逐年上升趨勢，Bray-1磷、可萃取性鉀及鈣含量有30%超過建議值，而可萃取性鎂含量在2018年高達72%超過建議值。土壤重金屬以鋅及銅含量超過原有機農業土壤重金屬容許量標準比例最高分別達7.2%及4.0%。顯示應再加強推動作物合理化施肥。

關鍵字

土壤分析 ； 土壤肥力 ； 植物營養診斷技術 ； 北部地區

並列摘要

The objective of this study is to use the data-base analysis technology to understand the results of farmland soil fertility analysis in northern area of Taiwan to help the farmers solving the soil fertility and plant nutrient problems. The station provides free sample analysis services for farmland soil and irrigation water. The analysis data of 21,892 samples in past four years (2015-2018) had consisted of 63.6% of soil samples, 15.2% of compost, 13.4% of irrigation water, and 1.8% of soil cultivation medium. The number of strong acidic soil sample lower than pH 5.5 showed a downward trend from 2015-2018. More than 70% of soil samples had soil organic matter content greater than 30 g kg^(-1) in 2018. The soil number of soil conductivity value greater than 0.6 dS m^(-1) showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2018. More than 30% of soil samples had available phosphorus, potassium and calcium greater than the recommended values in 2018. About 72% of soil samples had available magnesium greater than the recommended values in 2018. In conclusion the education and extension of rationalized fertilization needs to be strengthened.

並列關鍵字

Soil analysis ； soil fertility ； plant nutrient diagnosis ； northern area